MT 2 Neck Triangles Schematic & Neck Fascia (Dustin) Flashcards
triangles of the neck: A, B, C
A. mandible
B. hyoid
C. clavicle
triangles of the neck: D
trapezius muscle
triangles of the neck: E
sternocleidomastoid
triangles of the neck: F
omohyoid muscle
runs deeper than sternocleidomastoid
triangles of the neck: G
posterior belly of digastric
triangles of the neck: H
anterior belly of digastric
triangles of the neck: 1
anterior triangle
triangles of the neck: 2
posterior triangle
contains Erb’s Point aka punctum nervosum, where 6 nerves meet. Injury to this area results in paralysis of arm muscles
triangles of the neck: 3
muscular triangle
aka inferior carotid triangle
- infrahyoid muscles
- thyroid gland
triangles of the neck: 4
submental triangle
- submental lymph nodes
- small veins
triangles of the neck: 5
occipital triangle
aka omotrapezoid triangle
- external jugular vein
- brachial plexus
- cervical plexus
- spinal accessory nerve
triangles of neck: 6
supraclavicular triangle
aka subclavian triangle or omoclavicular triangle
- subclavian artery and vein
- suprascapular artery
- usually some lymph glands
triangles of neck: 7
submandibular triangle
aka digastric triangle
- facial artery and vein
- submandibular glands
- lymph nodes
- mylohyoid nerve
triangles of neck: 8
carotid triangle
contains carotid sheath: internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, vagus nerve
- hypoglossal n
- ansa cervicalis
- accessory nerve
which fascia is in red?
superficial lamina of (or investing layer of) deep cervical fascia
surrounds the neck like a collar, it splits around the sternocleidomastoid muscles and the trapezius muscles. Posteriorly (towards the back of the neck), it blends with ligamentum nuchae.
(1 out of 3 deep cervical layers)
which fascia is in blue?
which is in purple?
what do they make together?
blue = visceral pretracheal cervical fascia
- extends medially in front of the carotid vessels, and assists in forming the carotid sheath
- fixed to the hyoid bone
- encloses the thyroid
purple = muscular pretracheal cervical fascia
together they make up the middle cervical fascia** part of the **deep cervical fascia
what is the fascia in orange?
prevertebral deep cervical fascia
-the “deep lamina” of the deep cervical fascia
Forms a tubular sheath for the vertebral column and muscles associated with it
(longus capitis, longus colli anteriorly) (scalene laterally) (deep cervical muscles
posteriorly)
Superiorly it’s fixed to the cranial base
Inferiorly it blends with the endothoracic fascia peripherally, and the anterior
longitudinal ligament centrally at Th-3 vertebra level
Laterally it extends as the axillary sheath, enclosing the axillary vessels & brachial
plexus
what is the structure in brown?
carotid sheath
borders blend with prevertebral cervical fascia and pretracheal cervical fascia
contains:
- common carotid artery*
- internal jugular vein*
- vagus nerve*
what is the layer external to the red line?
superficial cervical fascia
- not to be confused with superficial lamina of deep cervical fascia!
- lies between the dermis of the skin and the deep cervical fascia.
- contains the platysma, cutaneous nerves, blood, and lymphatic vessels.
- also contains a varying amount of fat, which is its distinguishing characteristic.
- technically not really even fascia
What are the borders of the Pirigov triangle?
What’s the surgical importance?
- Superior: Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
- Anterior: Mylohyoid Muscle (Posterior Margin)
- Inferior: Tendon of Digastric Muscle and Stylohyoid M.
Contains Lingual Artery
What are the borders of the Beclard triangle?
What’s the surgical importance?
- Superior: Tendon of Digastric M.
- Posterior: Free margin of Hyoglossus M.
- Inferior: Greater Horn of Hyoid Bone
Contains Lingual Artery
