Midterm I: Trunk Regions (Ben) Flashcards
What are the borders of the infraclavicular region?
Superior: clavicle
Inferior: pec. major, lower edge (anterior axillary fold)
Lateral: deltoid, medial margin
Medial: line btwn sternoclavicular joint + inf. border
( Floor: ribs 1-3 + their intercostal muscles )
What innervates the skin of infraclavicular region?
medial + intermediate supraclavicular nerves from the cervical plexus
What important triangle exists in the infraclavicular region?
Its borders?
Deltopectoral Triangle (AKA Clavipectoral)
superior: clavicle
lateral: deltoid
medial: pec. major
What separates the deltopectoral triangle into two parts?
the clavipectoral fascia
- covers subclavius and pec. minor muscles
- separates superficial and deep compartments of the triangle
What are the contents of the superficial part of the deltopectoral triangle?
2 main things (some branches too)
- Cephalic Vein
- Thoraco-acromial Artery (
- Clavicular
- Acromial
- Pectoral
- Deltoid Branches
- pectoral nerves, too (not as important)
What can be found in the deep part of the deltopectoral triangle?
3 main things, 2 minor
Under the clavipectoral fascia…
- Axillary Artery
- Axillary Vein
- Cords of Brachial Plexus (medial, lateral, posterior)
- Pec. minor, upper border
- Suprascapular A, V + N
What muscle found mostly in the neck is also seen beneath the skin of the infraclavicular region?
Platysma
What are the borders of the median abdominal region?
Superior: Line thru 5th costal cartilages
Inferior: Line thru pubic tubercles
Both sides: Lateral edges of rectus sheath
What is the “preperitoneal space”?
What are the folds within it?
(3 folds, but 2 paired, so 5 total)
What are the structures within each these folds?
- space between the anterior parietal peritoneum and the transversalis fascia (shown in drawings of rectus sheath)
- contains median (1), medial (2) and lateral (3) umbilical folds
- median: Urachus remnant
- medial: Umbilical Artery remnant
- lateral: Inf. Epigastric A + V
What marks the lower limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath?
Where is it exactly?
Arcuate Line (AKA semicircular or Douglas’ line)
- position varies but usually 1/3 of way btwn umbilicus + pubic crest
Describe the layers of the rectus sheath above the arcuate line.
- Anterior Layer of Sheath = Aponeurosis of external oblique + 1/2 aponeurosis of internal oblique
- Posterior Layer = 1/2 of aponeurosis of internal oblique + apo. of transversus abdominis
Describe the layers of the rectus sheath below the arcuate line.
Anterior layer of sheath = aponeuroses of all three (int/ext oblique + transversus) pass in front of the rectus abdominis
No posterior layer exists below arcuate line.
What are the 2 layers of the superficial abdominal fascia?
How do they differ in structure?
- Camper’s fascia - thick anterior layer, areolar texture with varying amt of adipose tissue
- Scarpa’s fascia - thinner, membranous posterior layer of the fascia, connected posteriorly to external oblique fascia
What 3 layers are found deep to the rectus sheath?
- Transversalis Fascia
- Extraperitoneal Fat
- Parietal Peritoneum
What are the 4 points of the “projection” of the heart borders onto the chest wall?
(The 4 from Agota’s drawing, anyway. Clockwise from top left, but order’s not too important)
- IVC inlet to RA - Right 3rd rib, just right of SC joint
- Coronary Sulcus, lft. edge - Left 3rd rib, 3 cm left of SC joint
- Apex - 5th left IC space, 9 cm left from sternum
- Coronary Sulcus, inf./rt. edge - 5th IC space, just right of SC joint
What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?
- Right hypochondriac
- Epigastric
- L. Hypochon.
- Right Abdominal
- Umbilical
- Left Abd.
- Right Inguinal
- Pubic
- Left Inguinal
(Although every other source I see says abd. = lumbar, inguinal = iliac, pubic = hypogastric)
What are the names for the horizontal and vertical lines marking the borders of the 9 abdominal regions?
(given by Agota, not the ones in the image)
Top = Xiphosternal Line
Middle = Subcostal Line
Bottom = Interspinous Line
Sides = L/R Midclavicular Lines
