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ANAT241 > MSK1 - L14 > Flashcards

MSK1 - L14 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the major structures of the axial skeleton? 5

A

skull, vertebrae and discs, ribs and cartilages, sacrum, coccyx

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2
Q

what function does the skull provide the brain?

A

protection including brainstem

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3
Q

what function does the skull provide the sensory organs?

A

protection

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4
Q

what function does the skull provide the muscles involved in speech, chewing, eye movement and facial expression?

A

attachment sites

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5
Q

what 2 kinds of joints can be found at the skull?

A

sutures (fibrous joints), and temporomandibular joint (synovial joint)

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6
Q

what is the TMJ?

A

temporomandibular joint, condylar process of mandible connects to temporal bone

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7
Q

what does the alveolar process house?

A

teeth

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8
Q

what is the ramus?

A

the flat part of the mandible that goes up to the condylar process

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9
Q

what part of the mandible is the coronoid process?

A

anterior to condylar process

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10
Q

what part of the mandible is the body?

A

inferior to the alveolar process

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11
Q

what kind of bones make up the viscerocranium?

A

facial bones

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12
Q

what are the singular bones of the viscerocranium?

A

mandible, ethmoid, vomer

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13
Q

what are the paired bones of the viscerocranium?

A

maxillae, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, lacrimal, inferior nasal conchae

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14
Q

what are the singular bones of the neurocranium?

A

frontal, ethmoid, occipital, sphenoidal

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15
Q

what are the paired bones of the neurocranium?

A

temporal, parietal

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16
Q

what are the 3 processes of the zygomatic arch?

A

frontal, maxillary, temporal

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17
Q

what is the external acoustic meatus?

A

ear canal in temporal bone

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18
Q

what is the smaller version of the mastoid process found deep in the skull?

A

styloid process

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19
Q

frontal bone forms/is part of which two walls of the skull?

A

anterior and superior

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20
Q

what does the supraorbital notch/foramen contain?

A

supraorbital vein, artery and nerve

21
Q

parietal bones form/ are part of which two walls of the skull?

A

lateral and superior

22
Q

what muscle is the temporal line a muscle attachment for?

A

temporalis

23
Q

what do the parietal bones contribute to that is a particularly weak part of the skull?

A

the pterions i.e. temples

24
Q

how many cranial bones articulate at the pterions?

A

4

25
Q

what are the 4 features of each temporal bone?

A

a mandibular fossa for TMJ, mastoid and styloid processes, zygomatic process, internal and external acoustic meatus

26
Q

what walls of the cranial vault are formed by/part of occipital bone?

A

posterior wall and floor

27
Q

what are 3 features of the occipital bone?

A

external occipital protuberance, occipital condyles, foramen magnum

28
Q

where is the external occipital protuberance and what is it for?

A

at the back of the head for muscle and ligament attachment

29
Q

what fossa does the sphenoid contain?

A

hypophyseal/pituitary fossa

30
Q

what is the perforation in the ethmoid bone for?

A

olfactory nerve

31
Q

what does the ethmoid bone connect to?

A

upper part of nasal cavity

32
Q

what is the main feature of the sphenoid bone?

A

hypophyseal/pituitary fossa

33
Q

what bones create the anterior cranial fossa?

A

frontal/facial and ethmoid

34
Q

what bones create the middle cranial fossa?

A

sphenoid and temporal

35
Q

what bones create the posterior cranial fossa?

A

occipital

36
Q

what are the 3 main functions of the vertebral column?

A

protection, keeps torso upright, muscle and ligament attachment sites

37
Q

what does the vertebral column protect?

A

spinal cord and spinal nerves

38
Q

what attaches to the vertebral column to allow bipedalism

A

pelvic girdle

39
Q

what is the pedicle of a lumbar vertebrae?

A

small part between body and transverse process

40
Q

what part of a lumbar vertebrae is the lamina?

A

connects the transverse and spinous processes

41
Q

what part of a lumbar vertebrae are the articular processes?

A

upward processes that articulate with the vertebrae superior

42
Q

what is the bifurcated spinous process for on the cervical vertebrae?

A

nuchal ligament

43
Q

through what does the vertebral artery travel in the cervical vertebrae?

A

transverse foramina

44
Q

what is C1 called?

A

atlas

45
Q

what is C2 called?

A

axis

46
Q

what is the name of the joint that causes the head to move up and down?

A

atlanto-occipital joint

47
Q

what features of a typical vertebrae does the atlas not have?

A

body and spinous process

48
Q

what is the name of the joint that causes the head to move side to side?

A

atlantoaxial joint

ANAT241 (18 decks)

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