Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT241 > L24 > Flashcards

L24 Flashcards

1
Q

what superficial structure isn’t part of the thoracic wall but is integral to its function?

A

skin and superficial fascia including breast tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what bones aren’t part of the thoracic wall but are integral to the thorax’s function?

A

clavicle and scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what muscles aren’t part of the thoracic wall but are integral to the thorax’s function?

A

pectoralis major, serratus anterior, rectus abdominis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what bones is pectoralis major attached to? 4

A

clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages, humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what innervates the pectoralis major? 2

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what bones and tissues does the serratus anterior attach to? 3

A

ribs 1-9, intercostal fascia, medial border of scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what innervates the serratus anterior?

A

long thoracic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what bones and tissues does rectus abdominis attach to? 3

A

costal cartilages of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process, pubic bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what innervates rectus abdominis? 1

A

anterior rami of T7-T12 spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 3 kinds of anterior thoracic cage joints?

A

sternocostal/sternochondral, costochondral, interchondral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the sternocostal/sternochondral joints in the anterior thoracic cage? and what kind of joint is it?

A

sternum to cartilages, synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the exception to the sternocostal joints?

A

joint between sternum and R1 = cartilaginous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the costochondral joints and what kind of joint is this?

A

ribs 1 - 10 to cartilages, cartilaginous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the interchondral joints and what kind of joint is this?

A

ribs 6 - 9 to costal cartilages, synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the 2 kinds of posterior thoracic cage joints?

A

costovertebral and costotransverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does the costovertebral joint articulate?

A

head of rib and vertebral body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the costotransverse joint articulate?

A

tubercle of rib and transverse process of vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what do the synovial joints allow the rib cage to do during respiration?

A

movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when the thoracic joints are damaged this?

A

reduces the movement of the thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

if there is reduced movement of the thorax due to injury what affects does this have on respiration?

A

respiration becomes diaphragmatic breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are the three layers of intercostal muscle called?

A

external, internal and innermost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the nerves and blood vessels of the intercostal space?

A

intercostal nerves, anterior/posterior intercostal arteries and veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where do the intercostal nerves and blood vessels lie within the intercostal space?

A

between the inner and innermost layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what layer of connective tissue lies deep to the innermost intercostal muscle?

A

endothoracic fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what direction do the fibres of the external intercostal muscle travel and work in?

A

anterior inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what action does the external intercostal muscle cause?

A

contracts to lift the thoracic cage in inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what direction do the fibres of the internal and innermost intercostal muscles travel and work in?

A

posterior inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what action do the inner and innermost intercostal muscles cause?

A

contracts to lower the thoracic cage in forced expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

how do the intercostal veins and arteries interact?

A

anastomose laterally

30
Q

what arteries is the anterior intercostal artery derived from?

A

subclavian –> internal thoracic –> anterior intercostal

31
Q

what artery is the posterior intercostal artery derived from?

A

thoracic aorta –> posterior intercostal artery

32
Q

what does the anterior intercostal vein drain into?

A

internal thoracic vein

33
Q

what does the posterior intercostal vein drain into?

A

azygos system (depending on location)

34
Q

what leads the blood drain from the body wall to superior vena cava?

A

anastomotic pathway of azygos system

35
Q

what vein is the main drainage on the right?

A

azygos vein

36
Q

what vein is the main drainage on the left?

A

accessory hemiazygos vein

37
Q

what other vein allows drainage on the left?

A

hemiazygos vein

38
Q

what does the accessory hemiazygos vein drain into?

A

azygos vein

39
Q

what do the intercostal nerves accompany?

A

blood vessels

40
Q

intercostal nerves are what in relation to the spinal nerves?

A

ventral ramus of spinal nerves

41
Q

what do the intercostal nerves innervate?

A

intercostal muscles, skin and parietal pleura

42
Q

what are the three main surgical approaches to the thoracic cavity?

A

intercostal space, rib bed, sternum

43
Q

what fills in the inferior thoracic aperture?

A

diaphragm

44
Q

what separates the thoracic from the abdominopelvic cavity?

A

diaphragm

45
Q

what muscle of the thoracic cavity has fibres in all directions?

A

diaphragm

46
Q

what attachments does the central tendon of the diaphragm have? 3

A

sternal, costal and lumbar

47
Q

what shape is the diaphragm when relaxed?

A

dome-shaped

48
Q

what shape is the diaphragm when contracted?

A

flat

49
Q

what is the diaphragm innervated by?

A

phrenic nerve

50
Q

what supplies the diaphragm?

A

internal thoracic artery

51
Q

what are the 3 apertures in the diaphragm?

A

aortic hiatus, vena cava foramen, oesophageal hiatus

52
Q

what travels through the aortic hiatus?

A

descending aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein

53
Q

what travels through the vena cava foramen?

A

inferior vena cava

54
Q

what travels through the oesophageal hiatus?

A

oesophagus and vagus nerves

55
Q

at what level is the aortic hiatus?

A

T12

56
Q

at what level is the vena cava foramen?

A

T8

57
Q

at what level is the oesophageal hiatus?

A

T10

58
Q

what happens first in inspiration?

A

external intercostal muscles contract

59
Q

what happens second in inspiration?

A

rib cage rises and expands

60
Q

what happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?

A

contracts to become flattened

61
Q

what happens to the thoracic cavity volume during inspiration?

A

increases

62
Q

what happens to intrapulmonary volume during inspiration?

A

increases

63
Q

what happens to intrapulmonary pressure during inspiration?

A

decreases

64
Q

how does air move into the lungs?

A

by flowing down the pressure gradient

65
Q

what happens first in expiration?

A

external intercostal muscles relax

66
Q

what happens second in expiration?

A

rib cage descends and reduces

67
Q

what happens to the diaphragm in expiration?

A

diaphragm relaxes and rises becoming dome-shaped

68
Q

what do the lungs do during expiration?

A

recoil

69
Q

what happens to the thoracic cavity volume during expiration?

A

decreases

70
Q

what happens to intrapulmonary volume during expiration?

A

decreases

71
Q

what happens to intrapulmonary pressure during expiration?

A

increases

72
Q

how does the air get expired?

A

flows down the pressure gradient which is now lower outside

ANAT241 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions