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ANAT241 > L25 > Flashcards

L25 Flashcards

1
Q

what fills the pleural cavity?

A

serous fluid

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2
Q

what holds the parietal and visceral pleurae together?

A

negative intrapleural pressure

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3
Q

what is the ‘stretch’ of the lungs?

A

movement of the thoracic wall

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4
Q

what lines the thoracic cavity?

A

parietal pleura

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5
Q

what kind of parietal pleura extends above the superior thoracic aperture?

A

cervical

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6
Q

what kind of parietal pleura covers the inner surface of the thoracic wall?

A

costal

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7
Q

what kind of parietal pleura covers the upper surface of the diaphragm?

A

diaphragmatic

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8
Q

what kind of parietal pleura covers the lateral surface of the mediastinum?

A

mediastinal

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9
Q

what is a pleural recess also known as?

A

reflection

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10
Q

what is a pleural recess?

A

2 layers of parietal pleura

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11
Q

what are the two layers of parietal pleura that make up the pleural recess?

A

costodiaphragmatic, costomediastinal

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12
Q

where are the apex of the lungs located in the thorax?

A

deep to clavicle, above first rib

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13
Q

where are the bases of the lungs located in the thorax?

A

sitting on the diaphragm

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14
Q

what are 3 features of the mediastinal surface of the lungs?

A

concave impressions, root and hilum, pulmonary ligament

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15
Q

on what lung is the concave impression larger and why?

A

left due to the heart

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16
Q

what structures enter/exit the lung through the root/hilum?

A

pulmonary arteries, primary arteries, primary bronchii

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17
Q

what enters the lungs through the pulmonary arteries?

A

deoxygenated blood

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18
Q

what exits the lungs through the pulmonary veins?

A

oxygenated blood

19
Q

what supports the primary bronchii?

A

cartilage

20
Q

where are the pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins and primary bronchii in relation to each other in the hilum?

A

arteries lie superiorly, veins inferiorly, bronchi posteriorly

21
Q

what is the hilum of the lung?

A

depression on medial surface where structures forming the root enter the mediastinal surface of the lungs

22
Q

what is the pulmonary ligament?

A

a double layer of pleura inferior to the root

23
Q

what is the pulmonary ligaments function?

A

to accommodate the superior-inferior translation of the lung root during breathing

24
Q

what separates the lobes of the lungs?

A

connective tissue

25
Q

what do bronchial arteries supply?

A

the lung tissue and visceral pleura

26
Q

what supplies the parietal pleura?

A

thoracic wall arteries

27
Q

do the bronchial arteries participate in gas exchange?

A

no

28
Q

what percent of blood in the lungs is in the pulmonary circuit?

A

99%

29
Q

what percent of blood in the lungs is in the bronchial circuit?

A

1%

30
Q

what may the two left bronchial arteries and single right bronchial arteries arise from?

A

the posterior intercostal arteries

31
Q

what do the bronchial veins drain the lungs of?

A

deoxygenated blood

32
Q

where do the bronchial veins drain from?

A

the larger bronchi, visceral pleura and area of the lung near the hilum

33
Q

what does the larynx turn into?

A

primary bronchi

34
Q

what is a carina?

A

cartilage where the trachea separates into the bronchi

35
Q

at what standing level of the spine is the carina?

A

T4/T5

36
Q

how many C-shaped cartilage rings come before the carina?

A

16 - 20

37
Q

what kind of cartilage are the cartilage rings?

A

hyaline

38
Q

what is the purpose of the cartilaginous rings on the trachea?

A

prevents collapse

39
Q

what kind of muscle is the trachealis?

A

smooth

40
Q

what is the trachealis muscles function?

A

decreases diameter

41
Q

what is each 2˚ bronchi associated with?

A

each lobe of the lungs

42
Q

what is each of the 3˚ bronchi associated with?

A

lobe segments

43
Q

what is the brief clinical importance of the bronchopulmonary segments?

A

can prevent spread of disease in lungs if other segments are still functioning and have their own bronchi

ANAT241 (18 decks)

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