msk overview + physical exam

Question 1

musculoskelatal components

Answer 1

bones, joints, tendons, ligaments, skeletal muscles, nerves, cartilage

Question 2

what is the most commonly broken bone in the body?

Answer 2

clavicle

Question 3

what percent of the body’s calcium is found in the bone?

Answer 3

99%

Question 4

compact “cortical” (dense) bone

Answer 4

relatively solid
found on external surface of bone
thickest where stresses arrive

Question 5

spongy “cacellous” (soft) bone

Answer 5

open network of struts and plates
located inside the bone
much lighter for muscles to move

Question 6

when does bone formation begin

Answer 6

6 weeks post fertilization

Question 7

what are the cells responsible for bone turnover

Answer 7

osteoblasts (build)
osteoclasts (crush)

Question 8

what joint is most prone to instability

Answer 8

shoulder

Question 9

ligaments

Answer 9

attach bone to bone

Question 10

tendons

Answer 10

attach muscle to bone

Question 11

osteoarthritis

Answer 11

tissue atrophy, loss of articular cartilage

Question 12

osteoporosis

Answer 12

loss of bone density due to inability of bone production to keep up with destruction

Question 13

sarcopenia

Answer 13

loss of muscle mass and strength and consequent functional impairment that occurs with aging
can begin in 3rd decade of life, most common in 4th

Question 14

MS location of pain

Answer 14

joint pain
soft tissue pain
nerve pain

Question 15

MS causes of pain

Answer 15

inflammation
infection
mechanical

Question 16

synovial joints

Answer 16

spheroidal joints (hip and shoulder)
hinge joints (elbow)
condylar joints (knee)

Question 17

things to look for during PE

Answer 17

how pt is sitting
how they move towards table
how they get off table
do their movements correlate w/ their description of pain

Question 18

IPRRSSSS-V

Answer 18

inspection, palpation, range of motion, reflexes, strength, sensation, stability, special tests, vascular + joints above and below