msk overview + physical exam Flashcards
musculoskelatal components
bones, joints, tendons, ligaments, skeletal muscles, nerves, cartilage
what is the most commonly broken bone in the body?
clavicle
what percent of the body’s calcium is found in the bone?
99%
compact “cortical” (dense) bone
relatively solid
found on external surface of bone
thickest where stresses arrive
spongy “cacellous” (soft) bone
open network of struts and plates
located inside the bone
much lighter for muscles to move
when does bone formation begin
6 weeks post fertilization
what are the cells responsible for bone turnover
osteoblasts (build)
osteoclasts (crush)
what joint is most prone to instability
shoulder
ligaments
attach bone to bone
tendons
attach muscle to bone
osteoarthritis
tissue atrophy, loss of articular cartilage
osteoporosis
loss of bone density due to inability of bone production to keep up with destruction
sarcopenia
loss of muscle mass and strength and consequent functional impairment that occurs with aging
can begin in 3rd decade of life, most common in 4th
MS location of pain
joint pain
soft tissue pain
nerve pain
MS causes of pain
inflammation
infection
mechanical