msk overview + physical exam Flashcards

1
Q

musculoskelatal components

A

bones, joints, tendons, ligaments, skeletal muscles, nerves, cartilage

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2
Q

what is the most commonly broken bone in the body?

A

clavicle

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3
Q

what percent of the body’s calcium is found in the bone?

A

99%

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4
Q

compact “cortical” (dense) bone

A

relatively solid
found on external surface of bone
thickest where stresses arrive

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5
Q

spongy “cacellous” (soft) bone

A

open network of struts and plates
located inside the bone
much lighter for muscles to move

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6
Q

when does bone formation begin

A

6 weeks post fertilization

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7
Q

what are the cells responsible for bone turnover

A

osteoblasts (build)
osteoclasts (crush)

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8
Q

what joint is most prone to instability

A

shoulder

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9
Q

ligaments

A

attach bone to bone

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10
Q

tendons

A

attach muscle to bone

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11
Q

osteoarthritis

A

tissue atrophy, loss of articular cartilage

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12
Q

osteoporosis

A

loss of bone density due to inability of bone production to keep up with destruction

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13
Q

sarcopenia

A

loss of muscle mass and strength and consequent functional impairment that occurs with aging
can begin in 3rd decade of life, most common in 4th

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14
Q

MS location of pain

A

joint pain
soft tissue pain
nerve pain

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15
Q

MS causes of pain

A

inflammation
infection
mechanical

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16
Q

synovial joints

A

spheroidal joints (hip and shoulder)
hinge joints (elbow)
condylar joints (knee)

17
Q

things to look for during PE

A

how pt is sitting
how they move towards table
how they get off table
do their movements correlate w/ their description of pain

18
Q

IPRRSSSS-V

A

inspection, palpation, range of motion, reflexes, strength, sensation, stability, special tests, vascular + joints above and below