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forearm lecture Flashcards

1
Q

long head of biceps tendonitis etiology

A

inflammation of long head of biceps tendon

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2
Q

long head of biceps tendonitis presentation

A

anterior shoulder pain with forward flexion, resisted elbow flexion, resisted forearm supination

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3
Q

long head of biceps tendonitis PE (I, P and St)

A

I: normal
P: pain + tenderness with anterior shoulder
St: resisted elbow flexion, forearm supination

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4
Q

long head of biceps tendonitis treatment

A

RICE, activity modification, NSAIDs

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5
Q

distal biceps tendonitis etiology

A

inflammation of distal biceps tendon from overuse

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6
Q

distal biceps tendonitis presentation

A

pain in AC fossa

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7
Q

distal biceps tendonitis PE (I,P,St)

A

I: normal
P: AC fossa tenderness
St: resisted forearm supination, resisted elbow flexion

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8
Q

distal biceps tendonitis treatment

A

RICE, activity modification, NSAIDs

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9
Q

distal biceps tendonitis prognosis

A

can rupture

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10
Q

DBT rupture etiology

A

trauma to extended elbow

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11
Q

DBT rupture presentation

A

pain, ecchymosis, deformity

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12
Q

DBT rupture PE (I,P,St)

A

I: deformity, swelling, bruising above elbow, AC fossa, and wrist
P: AC fossa pain, tenderness
St: can’t assess d/t pain

MRI for soft tissue with xray for fracture

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13
Q

proximal humerus fracture etiology

A

fall onto elbow or shoulder
predisposition: osteoporosis

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14
Q

proximal humerus fracture PE (I,P,S,ROM, NV)

A

I: swelling, dramatic bruising of upper arm and chest wall
P: upper arm pain and tenderness
S: can’t assess
ROM: gentle with elbow, wrist and fingers
NV: sensory motor issue with musc., radial, median, ulnar nerves

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15
Q

midshaft humerus fracture etiology

A

fall onto lateral arm + elbow

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16
Q

midshaft humerus fracture PE (I, P, NV)

A

I: upper arm swelling
P: gently
NV: radial nerve at risk
sensation over wrist extensor/EPL strength

17
Q

midshaft humerus fracture treatment

A

NEVER REDUCE - radial nerve is on top of humerus
refer for surgery if nerve issue, angulation, or displacement
no angulation/displacement = sling/swath

18
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture etiology

A

fracture above elbow, FOOSH
typically in kids

19
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture PE (I,P,St,NV)

A

I: swelling, guarding
P: tenderness at supracondylar region
St: pain and guarding will preclude
NV: check radial, median, ulnar

20
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture treatment

A

refer, don’t mess with elbows

21
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture prognosis

A

risk of gunstock deformity

22
Q

medial/lateral epicondylitis etiology

A

elbow overuse
typically 30-60 year old males
tennis elbow (lateral), golf elbow (medial)

23
Q

medial/lateral epicondylitis presentation

A

debilitating pain

24
Q

medial/lateral epicondylitis PE (I,P,St,Special)

A

I: normal
P: severe tenderness over epicondyle
St: lateral - resisted wrist extension and forearm supination
medial - resisted wrist flexion and forearm pronation
Special: piano keys test

25
medial/lateral epicondylitis treatment
activity modification, braces, corticosteroid injection, nitroglycerine patches reduce duration/course of disease
26
cubital tunnel syndrome etiology
elbow overuse compression of ulnar nerve
27
cubital tunnel syndrome PE (I,Percussion, S, St)
I: intrinsic atrophy percussion: positive tinels at elbow S: diminished, 2 pt discrimination greater than 5mm St: diminshed intrinsic muscle strength
28
olecranon fracture etiology
trauma, slip on ice common osteoporosis
29
olecranon fracture PE (I, P, NV)
I: swelling, bruising, step off P: olecranon step off NV: sensorimotor to radial, median, ulnar
30
radial head fracture etiology
fall on elbow, FOOSH osteoporosis
31
radial head fracture PE (I,P,NV)
I: swelling, bruising P: tenderness over radial head NV: sensorimotor to radial, median, ulnar (esp ulnar) radial head fat pad on xray
32
radial head fracture treatment
sling for 7-10 days ROM exercises surgery for obvious step off
33
fracture of necessity (both bone forearm) etiology
both bone forearm fracture inherently unstable
34
fracture of necessity (both bone forearm) PE (I,P, NV)
I: deformity, swelling P: tenderness at fracture site NV: radial, median, ulnar nerve, 2 pt discrimination, capillary refill
35
things to note on xray - fracture of necessity
radial height, radial inclination, volar tilt
36
distal radius fracture etiology
FOOSH
37
distal radius fracture PE (I,P,NV)
I: swelling, deformity P: diffuse tenderness at wrist, ulnar side hurts more NV: check radial, median, ulnar, 2 pt discrimination
38
distal radius fracture prognosis
can develop acute carpal tunnel syndrome (hematoma into the carpal tunnel)
39
distal radius fracture treatment
splinting for 2 weeks

MSK (20 decks)

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