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MSK > forearm lecture > Flashcards

forearm lecture Flashcards

1
Q

long head of biceps tendonitis etiology

A

inflammation of long head of biceps tendon

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2
Q

long head of biceps tendonitis presentation

A

anterior shoulder pain with forward flexion, resisted elbow flexion, resisted forearm supination

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3
Q

long head of biceps tendonitis PE (I, P and St)

A

I: normal
P: pain + tenderness with anterior shoulder
St: resisted elbow flexion, forearm supination

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4
Q

long head of biceps tendonitis treatment

A

RICE, activity modification, NSAIDs

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5
Q

distal biceps tendonitis etiology

A

inflammation of distal biceps tendon from overuse

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6
Q

distal biceps tendonitis presentation

A

pain in AC fossa

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7
Q

distal biceps tendonitis PE (I,P,St)

A

I: normal
P: AC fossa tenderness
St: resisted forearm supination, resisted elbow flexion

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8
Q

distal biceps tendonitis treatment

A

RICE, activity modification, NSAIDs

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9
Q

distal biceps tendonitis prognosis

A

can rupture

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10
Q

DBT rupture etiology

A

trauma to extended elbow

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11
Q

DBT rupture presentation

A

pain, ecchymosis, deformity

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12
Q

DBT rupture PE (I,P,St)

A

I: deformity, swelling, bruising above elbow, AC fossa, and wrist
P: AC fossa pain, tenderness
St: can’t assess d/t pain

MRI for soft tissue with xray for fracture

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13
Q

proximal humerus fracture etiology

A

fall onto elbow or shoulder
predisposition: osteoporosis

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14
Q

proximal humerus fracture PE (I,P,S,ROM, NV)

A

I: swelling, dramatic bruising of upper arm and chest wall
P: upper arm pain and tenderness
S: can’t assess
ROM: gentle with elbow, wrist and fingers
NV: sensory motor issue with musc., radial, median, ulnar nerves

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15
Q

midshaft humerus fracture etiology

A

fall onto lateral arm + elbow

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16
Q

midshaft humerus fracture PE (I, P, NV)

A

I: upper arm swelling
P: gently
NV: radial nerve at risk
sensation over wrist extensor/EPL strength

17
Q

midshaft humerus fracture treatment

A

NEVER REDUCE - radial nerve is on top of humerus
refer for surgery if nerve issue, angulation, or displacement
no angulation/displacement = sling/swath

18
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture etiology

A

fracture above elbow, FOOSH
typically in kids

19
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture PE (I,P,St,NV)

A

I: swelling, guarding
P: tenderness at supracondylar region
St: pain and guarding will preclude
NV: check radial, median, ulnar

20
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture treatment

A

refer, don’t mess with elbows

21
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture prognosis

A

risk of gunstock deformity

22
Q

medial/lateral epicondylitis etiology

A

elbow overuse
typically 30-60 year old males
tennis elbow (lateral), golf elbow (medial)

23
Q

medial/lateral epicondylitis presentation

A

debilitating pain

24
Q

medial/lateral epicondylitis PE (I,P,St,Special)

A

I: normal
P: severe tenderness over epicondyle
St: lateral - resisted wrist extension and forearm supination
medial - resisted wrist flexion and forearm pronation
Special: piano keys test

25
Q

medial/lateral epicondylitis treatment

A

activity modification, braces, corticosteroid injection, nitroglycerine patches reduce duration/course of disease

26
Q

cubital tunnel syndrome etiology

A

elbow overuse
compression of ulnar nerve

27
Q

cubital tunnel syndrome PE (I,Percussion, S, St)

A

I: intrinsic atrophy
percussion: positive tinels at elbow
S: diminished, 2 pt discrimination greater than 5mm
St: diminshed intrinsic muscle strength

28
Q

olecranon fracture etiology

A

trauma, slip on ice common
osteoporosis

29
Q

olecranon fracture PE (I, P, NV)

A

I: swelling, bruising, step off
P: olecranon step off
NV: sensorimotor to radial, median, ulnar

30
Q

radial head fracture etiology

A

fall on elbow, FOOSH
osteoporosis

31
Q

radial head fracture PE (I,P,NV)

A

I: swelling, bruising
P: tenderness over radial head
NV: sensorimotor to radial, median, ulnar (esp ulnar)

radial head fat pad on xray

32
Q

radial head fracture treatment

A

sling for 7-10 days
ROM exercises
surgery for obvious step off

33
Q

fracture of necessity (both bone forearm) etiology

A

both bone forearm fracture
inherently unstable

34
Q

fracture of necessity (both bone forearm) PE (I,P, NV)

A

I: deformity, swelling
P: tenderness at fracture site
NV: radial, median, ulnar nerve, 2 pt discrimination, capillary refill

35
Q

things to note on xray - fracture of necessity

A

radial height, radial inclination, volar tilt

36
Q

distal radius fracture etiology

A

FOOSH

37
Q

distal radius fracture PE (I,P,NV)

A

I: swelling, deformity
P: diffuse tenderness at wrist, ulnar side hurts more
NV: check radial, median, ulnar, 2 pt discrimination

38
Q

distal radius fracture prognosis

A

can develop acute carpal tunnel syndrome (hematoma into the carpal tunnel)

39
Q

distal radius fracture treatment

A

splinting for 2 weeks

MSK (20 decks)

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