gross anatomy of upper limbs

Question 1

parts of clavicle

Answer 1

flattened acromial (lateral) end
cone shaped sternal (medial) end

Question 2

clavicle function

Answer 2

acts as brace to hold scapulae and arms out laterally

Question 3

scapulae location

Answer 3

situated on dorsal surface of rib cage between ribs 2 and 7

Question 4

how many bones form the upper limb

Answer 4

30

Question 5

Flexor retinaculum

Answer 5

On top of carpal bones

Question 6

Extensor retinaculum

Answer 6

back of the forearm
Pulls tendons and gives support so tendons don’t swing

Question 7

Brachial plexus

Answer 7

Gives rise to the nerves that innervate the upper limb

Question 8

axillary nerve

Answer 8

Innervates deltoid + teres minor

Question 9

Radial nerve

Answer 9

Divides into a superficial and deep/posterior branch

Question 10

deltoid action and nerve

Answer 10

action - abduction of shoulder joint. helps in flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of shoulder joint
nerve - axillary nerve

Question 11

supraspinatus action and nerve

Answer 11

action - initiated abduction of shoulder joint to the extent of first 15 degrees
nerve - suprascapular nerve

Question 12

infraspinatus action and nerve

Answer 12

action - lateral rotator of shoulder joint
nerve - suprascapular nerve

Question 13

teres minor nerve and action

Answer 13

action- lateral rotator of humerus. abductor of shoulder joint
nerve - axillary nerve

Question 14

teres major action and nerve

Answer 14

action- medial rotator and adductor of humerus
nerve - lower subscapular nerve

Question 15

rotator cuff muscles

Answer 15

S - supraspinatus
I - infraspinatus
T - teres minor
S - subscapularis

Question 16

triceps brachii action and nerve

Answer 16

action - extensor of elbow joint
nerve - radial nerve

Question 17

aconeus muscle action and nerve

Answer 17

action - assists triceps in extending the elbow
nerve - radial nerve

Question 18

lateral group of superficial extensor muscles of forearm

Answer 18

brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 19

posterior group of superificial extensor muscles of forearm

Answer 19

extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 20

brachioradialis action and nerve

Answer 20

action - flexes elbow joint
nerve - radial nerve

Question 21

extensor carpi radialis longus action and nerve

Answer 21

action - extends and abducts the wrist
nerve - radial nerve

Question 22

extensor carpi radialis brevis action and nerve

Answer 22

action - extends and abducts the wrist
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve/posterior interosseous nerve (before piercing supinator)

Question 23

extensor digitorum action and nerve

Answer 23

action - extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve

Question 24

extensor digiti minimi action and nerve

Answer 24

action - extends little finger
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve

Question 25

extensor carpi ulnaris action and nerve

Answer 25

action - extends and adducts the wrist
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve

Question 26

deep group of extensor muscles of forearm

Answer 26

supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis

Question 27

supinator action and nerve

Answer 27

action - acts as a supinator in extended elbow
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve before it passes through the muscle

Question 28

abductor pollicis longus action and nerve

Answer 28

action - abducts and extends the thumb
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve

Question 29

extensor pollicis brevis action and nerve

Answer 29

action - extends proximal phalanx of the thumb
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve

Question 30

extensor pollicis longus action and nerve

Answer 30

action - extends distal phalanx of the thumb
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve

Question 31

extensor indicis action and nerve

Answer 31

action - extends index finger
nerve - deep branch of radial nerve

Question 32

erb-duchenne paralysis

Answer 32

nerves involved: C5-C6 roots
weakness of elbow flexion and shoulder abduction, flexion and external rotation (policeman’s tip hand)

Question 33

klumpke’s paralysis

Answer 33

nerves involved: C8, T1
muscles of hand are affected leading to claw hand

Question 34

wrist drop

Answer 34

nerve involved: radial nerve
compression of nerve against spinal groove by placing the outstretched arm on arm-chair (saturday night palsy)

Question 35

Distal row of carpals

Answer 35

Trapezium,trapezoid, capitate, and hamate

Question 36

Proximal row of carpals

Answer 36

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform

Question 37

What cord does the musculacutaneous nerve lead to

Answer 37

Lateral cord

Question 38

What cord does the median nerve lead to

Answer 38

Lateral and medial cord

Question 39

What cord does the ulnar nerve lead to

Answer 39

Medial cord

Question 40

What cord do the radial & axillary nerve lead to

Answer 40

Posterior cord

Question 41

Triangular space

Answer 41

teres major, teres minor, and long head of triceps

Question 42

Quadrangular space

Answer 42

teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps, surgical neck of humerus