MSK Flashcards
What is an osteochondroma
Bony outgrowth covered with a cartilageous cap
What is an enchondroma
Intramedullary usually metaphaseal cartilageous lucent patchy sclerotic
How do you treat an enchondroma
Scrape out of bone
Describe a simple bone cyst
Cystic fluid filled which could cause pathological fracture
How do you treat a simple bone cyst
Curretage and bone grafting w/wo stabilisation
Describe an aneurysmal bone cyst
Small avm - chambers filled with blood or serum
Locally aggressive
V painful
Cortical expansion and destruction
Treat aneurysmal bone cysts
Curretage and grafting
Soap bubble appearance
Giant cell tumour
Patchy sclerotic
Enchondroma
Describe a giant cell tumour
Locally aggressive
Destructive of CORTEX
Soap bubble appearance
Pathological fracture
Describe fibrous dysplasia
Genetic mutation causing fibrous tissue and immature bone lesions
Angular deformities
Shepherds crook deformity
Fibrous dysplasia
Treat fibrous dysplasia
Bisphosphonates
Osteoid osteoma
Small nidus of immature bone
Brodie’s abscess
Lyric lesion of bone
What bone tumour can be caused by hyperparathyroidism
Brown tumour which is a lytic lesion of bone
Leiomyoma
Smooth muscle
Rhabdomyoma
Skeletal muscle
What is a giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath
Small tender swelling on the flexor tendon that can erode bone
What tumours metastasise to bone
Breast Prostate Lung Renal Thyroid
Describe an osteosarcoma
Most common malignant tumour
Produces bone
Rb gene mutation
Adjuvant chemo can prolong survival
Describe chondrosarcoma
Cartilage producing primary bone tumour
What bones can non Hodgkin’s lymphoma arise from
Pelvis or femur
Ewing’s sarcoma describe
Teens
Onion skin appearance
T11:12 translocations
Give two ways to diagnose myeloma
Plasma protein electrophoresis
Hence jones protein assay
There is an increase in paraprotein in
Myeloma
