Breast

Question 1

blue domed

Answer 1

fibrocystic change

Question 2

fibroadenoma common in which population

Answer 2

African american

Question 3

20yo lump

Answer 3

fibroadenoma

Question 4

40yo lump

Answer 4

cyst

Question 5

65yo lump

Answer 5

malignancy

Question 6

sclerosing - what is this?

Answer 6

proliferation of acini and stroma (radial scar) - seen as thickening on mammogram

Question 7

what is phyllodes tumour?

Answer 7

biphasic stromal overgrowth

benign super fast growing tumour which has risk of sarcoma so quite devastating if this happens

Question 8

what are the two main types of breast cancer

Answer 8

ductal - DCIS

lobular - LCIS

Question 9

diagnose DCIS

Answer 9

stereotactic vacuum assisted core biopsy

Question 10

indian file pattern

Answer 10

LCIS

Question 11

where does the breast drain to

Answer 11

axilla sternum and above clavicle

Question 12

blood supply of the breast

Answer 12

internal mammary artery off of the subclavian

Question 13

where does breast cancer metastasis to

Answer 13

brain bone bronchi

Question 14

what are the four breast quadrants

Answer 14

upper outer 
upper inner 
lower outer 
lower inner
of right or left

Question 15

main risks for breast cancer

Answer 15

HRT BRCA

Question 16

what is used to screen women with a BRCA mutation for breast cancer

Answer 16

MRI

Question 17

lump >40

Answer 17

mammogram

Question 18

lump <40

Answer 18

US

Question 19

why do core over fna

Answer 19

tells you whetehr it has breached BM - breast conserving surgery?

Question 20

treat breast abscess

Answer 20

uss guided drainage abx and reassure

Question 21

older women with breast abscess lasting longer than 2 weeks not resolving

Answer 21

excisional biopsy to rule out cancer

Question 22

why do we take out a duct papilloma

Answer 22

as tthere may be DCIS in surrounding tissue

Question 23

what are physiological causes of gynaecomastia?

Answer 23

puberty and senescence

Question 24

what are drug causes of gynaecomastia

Answer 24

steroids and spironolactone

Question 25

what pathologies can lead to gynaecomastia

Answer 25

cirrhosis hyperthyrpidism renal disease testicular tumour

Question 26

what is radiolucent

Answer 26

lipoma

Question 27

in terms of receptors, what type of cancer would you want and why

Answer 27

er pr +ve her2 -ve

as you can give aromatase inhibitors

Question 28

in terms of receptors, what type of cancer do you not want

Answer 28

er pr -ve her2 +ve

Question 29

what is the worst combination of receptors

Answer 29

triple negative due to very poor differentiation

Question 30

what are the medical treatment options for breast cancer

Answer 30

tamoxifen Herceptin aromatase inhibitors bisphosphonates

Question 31

what are all of the 6 types of breast malignancy

Answer 31

ductal lobular medullary papillary tubular pagets

Question 32

what does neoadjuvant mean

Answer 32

before surgery to shrink

Question 33

adjuvant

Answer 33

after surgery

Question 34

When do women get a mammogram

Answer 34

Every 3 years from aged 50-70

Question 35

What are the early and late side effects of radiotherapy

Answer 35

Tiredness skin erythema to moist desquanation dysphagia

Local fibrosis and telangectasia lung fibrosis cardiac damage

Question 36

Treat with what if her 2 positive

Answer 36

Trasruzumab (herceptin) and hormone therapy like ovarian ablation tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors