Breast Flashcards
blue domed
fibrocystic change
fibroadenoma common in which population
African american
20yo lump
fibroadenoma
40yo lump
cyst
65yo lump
malignancy
sclerosing - what is this?
proliferation of acini and stroma (radial scar) - seen as thickening on mammogram
what is phyllodes tumour?
biphasic stromal overgrowth
benign super fast growing tumour which has risk of sarcoma so quite devastating if this happens
what are the two main types of breast cancer
ductal - DCIS
lobular - LCIS
diagnose DCIS
stereotactic vacuum assisted core biopsy
indian file pattern
LCIS
where does the breast drain to
axilla sternum and above clavicle
blood supply of the breast
internal mammary artery off of the subclavian
where does breast cancer metastasis to
brain bone bronchi
what are the four breast quadrants
upper outer upper inner lower outer lower inner of right or left
main risks for breast cancer
HRT BRCA
what is used to screen women with a BRCA mutation for breast cancer
MRI
lump >40
mammogram
lump <40
US
why do core over fna
tells you whetehr it has breached BM - breast conserving surgery?
treat breast abscess
uss guided drainage abx and reassure
older women with breast abscess lasting longer than 2 weeks not resolving
excisional biopsy to rule out cancer
why do we take out a duct papilloma
as tthere may be DCIS in surrounding tissue
what are physiological causes of gynaecomastia?
puberty and senescence
what are drug causes of gynaecomastia
steroids and spironolactone
what pathologies can lead to gynaecomastia
cirrhosis hyperthyrpidism renal disease testicular tumour
what is radiolucent
lipoma
in terms of receptors, what type of cancer would you want and why
er pr +ve her2 -ve
as you can give aromatase inhibitors
in terms of receptors, what type of cancer do you not want
er pr -ve her2 +ve
what is the worst combination of receptors
triple negative due to very poor differentiation
what are the medical treatment options for breast cancer
tamoxifen Herceptin aromatase inhibitors bisphosphonates
what are all of the 6 types of breast malignancy
ductal lobular medullary papillary tubular pagets
what does neoadjuvant mean
before surgery to shrink
adjuvant
after surgery
When do women get a mammogram
Every 3 years from aged 50-70
What are the early and late side effects of radiotherapy
Tiredness skin erythema to moist desquanation dysphagia
Local fibrosis and telangectasia lung fibrosis cardiac damage
Treat with what if her 2 positive
Trasruzumab (herceptin) and hormone therapy like ovarian ablation tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors
