Haematological

Question 1

What 4 things happen in malignant haemopoeisis

Answer 1

Increased proliferation
Decreased differentiation
Decrease in maturation
Decrease in apoptosis

Question 2

What is acute leukaemia

Answer 2

Proliferation of abnormal progenitors with block in differentiation and maturation
There is an excess of blasts

Question 3

Auer rods

Answer 3

AML

Question 4

What type of acute leukaemia is seen in the elderly

Answer 4

AML

Question 5

What type of acute leukaemia is seen in the younger population

Answer 5

ALL

Question 6

What is CML

Answer 6

Proliferation of abnormal progenitors with no differentiation/ maturation block

Question 7

What is the Philadelphia chromosome seen in

Answer 7

CML

Question 8

What is the Philadelphia chromosome

Answer 8

BCR ABL
Chromosome 22
And chromosome 9

Question 9

If the Philadelphia chromosome is present, what drugs can be used to target this

Answer 9

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib)

Question 10

How does lymphoma typically present

Answer 10

Night sweats fatigue itch without rash pain on alcohol

Question 11

Cd30+
Reed stein berg
Nodular sclerosing

Answer 11

Hodgkins lynphoma

Question 12

What are the two types of non hodgkins and which one has the poorer prognosis

Answer 12

B cell and T cell

T cell worse prognosis

Question 13

What is myeloma

Answer 13

Clonal plasma cells

Question 14

What electrolyte abn is seen in myeloma

Answer 14

Hypercalcaemia

Question 15

Myeloma has paraprotein mediated effects, what are they?

Answer 15

Renal failure
Immune suppression
Hyperviscosity
Amyloid

Question 16

What type of fractures are seen in myeloma

Answer 16

Wedge fracture

Question 17

What type of nephropathy can be caused in myeloma

Answer 17

Cast nephropathy