ENT Flashcards
Where do cholesteatomas usually occur
Superoposterior middle ear / Petrous apex
What is cholesteatoma
Abnormally situated squamous epithelium (leading to abundant keratin production)
How do you treat a cholesteatoma
Mastoidectony
What is a vestibular schwannoma
Tumour associated with the vestibular portion of vestibulocochlear nerve at the cerebellopontine angle
What is the main benign nasal cavity tumour and what virus is associated with it
Squamous papilloma (HPV 11/16)
What are the 5 malignant tumours is the nasal cavity
SCC Primary adenocarcinoma Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Neuroblastoma Lymphoma
Which tumour of the nasal cavity is associated with EBV
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
What is a paraganglioma
Tumour arising from neuroendocrine cells dispersed throughout the body
What are the two types of paraganglioma
Chrmoaffin positive (sympathetic and with catecholamime secretion) Non chromatin (carotid bodies +\- ganglia)
What are the common symptoms seen in a paraganglioma
Palpitations sweating tremor severe headache
How can you diagnose a paraganglioma
miBG
Describe a pleomorphic adenomas
Female > 60
Risk of malignant transformation
Diagnose on FNA
What is a warthrins tumour
Male >50 smoking rare out with parotid painless
What are the main types of head and neck cancer
SCC
Mucoeidermoid carcinoma
Adonis cystic carcinoma (>40yo)
Which head and neck cancer is associated with HPV
SCC
