MSK 19 - Femoral Triangle And Anteromedial Thigh Flashcards
where does the inguinal ligament extend from
ASIS to pubic tubercle
at what vertebral level does the aorta divide
at L4 level
what does the abdominal aorta divide into
into the right and left common iliac arteries
what does the common iliac arteries divide into
internal and external iliac arteries
at what level do the common iliac arteries divide
at the SIJ level
what does the internal iliac artery supply
pelvic organs
for the branches that come off the internal iliac artery what do they go on to supply and how
hip region via anastomotic vessels
what demarcates the transition of the external iliac artery to the femoral artery
becomes the femoral artery once it passes under the inguinal ligament
what happens to the path of the femoral artery as it goes down the femur
it starts off anterior but then becomes posterior as it approaches the knee
what branch does the femoral artery give off and at what level does this happen
profundal femoris artery
at femoral neck level
what are the 3 branches that come off the profunda femoris artery from proximal to distal
medial circumflex arteries
lateral circumflex arteries
perforating arteries
what do the medial and lateral circumflex arteries supply
the hip joint
what branch comes off the lateral circumflex femoral artery
descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery
what does the descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery supply
the knee
what do the perforating arteries of profunda femoris artery encircle
they go around the femur
what is the femoral artery’s path down past the knee
it enters the popliteal fossa behind the knee
what structure demarcates where the femoral artery transitions into the popliteal artery
after the femoral artery enters the popliteal fossa behind the knee
after the popliteal artery exits the popliteal fossa inferiorly, what happens to it
it trifurcates into 3 arteries
what three arteries branch off the popliteal artery
anterior tibial artery
posterior tibial artery
peroneal/fibular artery
what does the anterior tibial artery become
dorsalis pedis artery
most of the blood supply to the thigh and hip is via which artery
profundal femoris arteries
what artery gives off the obturator artery
internal iliac artery
some blood supply to adductor muscles is via what artery
via obturator artery from internal iliac artery
what is fascia lata and what is it made out of
it is the deep fascia that envelops the entire lower limb
its made out of dense layer of connective tissue (collagen fibres)
where is the fascia lata found
on the muscle deep to subcutaneous fat
where is the deficiency in the fascia lata
deficiency is located anteriorly and inferior to the inguinal ligament
what is the name of the deficiency/hole in the fascia lata and how does this relate to its function
the saphenous opening
where the saphenous vein passes through to meet the femoral vein
where does the fascia lata attach to superiorly
to the pubic tubercle, pubis and inguinal ligament
where does the fascia lata attach to laterally
to the iliac crest
where does the fascia lata attach to posteriorly
sacrum, coccyx and ischial tuberosity
when the fascia lata extends down the leg it attaches where and becomes continuous with what structures
attaches around the knee
becomes continuous with the fascia in the leg
in the thigh how many compartments are formed by the fascia lata and intermusular septa
3
which intermuscular septa is the strongest
lateral
what are the 3 compartments of the thigh
anterior
medial
posterior
what is the significance of the thigh compartments in terms of nerve supply
the muscles grouped in the same compartments have mostly the same nerve supply
what does the fascia lata blend with laterally
blends with the tendon of tensor facia lata muscle
what forms the iliotibial band/tract
the fascia lata and tensor fascia lata blending together
what does the iliotibial band do
stabilizes the knee when standing straight
the fascia lata splits to envelop which 2 muscles
the tensor fascia lata and gluteus maximus
where does the iliotibial band attach to distally
on the lateral aspect of the tibia
what 2 muscles form the iliopsoas
iliacus and psoas
where is the origin and insertion of the psoas muscle
originates from L2-4 transverse process
inserts at the lesser trochanter
where does the psoas muscle pass relative to the inguinal ligament
passes under the inguinal ligament
what nerves innervates the psoas muscle
L2 & 3 spinal nerves
sometimes with L4 spinal nerve
what actions does the psoas muscle facilitate
flexes and externally rotates the thigh
where is the origin and insertion of the iliacus muscle
originates from the ilium
inserts onto the lesser trochanter
where does the iliacus muscle pass relative to the inguinal ligament
under the inguinal ligament
what nerve innervates the iliacus muscle
femoral nerve
what actions does the iliacus muscle facilitate
hip flexion and external rotation of the thigh
where is the origin and insertion of the pectineus muscle
originates from superior pubic ramus
inserts slightly posterior and inferior to the lesser trochanter
relative to the compartments of the thigh where does the pectineus muscle lie
between the anterior and medial compartments of the thigh
what nerve innervates the pectineus muscle
femoral nerve
sometimes with obturator nerve as well
what actions does the pectineus muscle facilitate
mainly thigh adduction
also some hip flexion
where is the origin and insertion of the tensor fascia lata muscle
originates from ASIS
inserts to the iliotibial band/lateral aspect of the proximal tibia
