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MED221A/B Lectures > MSK 10 - The hand > Flashcards

MSK 10 - The hand Flashcards

1
Q

what movements does the metacarpophalangeal joints allow

what is the exception

A

flexion/extension

adduction/abduction

exception is the first MCP joint which only allows flexion/extension

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2
Q

what movement is permitted by the interphalangeal joints

A

flexion and extension

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3
Q

where do the collateral ligaments join to on the hand

A

around the fibro osseous tunnel and the sides of the interphalangeal joints distal and proximal as well as on the metacarpophalangeal joint

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4
Q

where do the palmar ligaments run

A

in the fibro-osseous tunnels of the distal and proximal IP joints as well as the MCPJ

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5
Q

where does the deep transverse metacarpal ligament run

A

at the MCPJ either side of the fibro-osseous tunnel

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6
Q

what does the deep transverse metacarpal ligament do

A

stops the distal ends of MC from over-splaying and adds stability to the palm

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7
Q

what structure wraps around the flexor tendons of the hand

A

synovial sheaths

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8
Q

what are the two synovial sheaths of the hand for the flexor tendons

A

common synovial sheath = FDP and FDS tendons

synovial sheath for the flexor pollicis longus tendon

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9
Q

the synovial sheaths of the hand run where in relation to the flexor retinaculum

A

under the flexor retinaculum

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10
Q

what is the name of the ligaments holding the adjacent metacarpals together

A

deep transverse metacarpal ligaments

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11
Q

what is the clinical significance of the synovial sheaths continuity throughout the hand

A

if there is an infection in the sheath of the fingers the infection can travel down to affect the carpal tunnel

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12
Q

how many origins do the dorsal interossei have

A

two - bipennate

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13
Q

what nerve innervates the dorsal interossei

A

ulnar nerve (deep branch)

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14
Q

where do the dorsal interossei insert in terms of both anatomy and the midline

A

into the midline

one head inserts into the dorsal digital expansion hood and the other inserts into the base of the proximal phalanx

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15
Q

what is the function of the dorsal interossei

A

they abduct the fingers

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16
Q

which fingers do the dorsal interossei not work on

A

the pinky and the thumb

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17
Q

what are the interossei muscles located between

A

between the metacarpal bones

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18
Q

how many origins do the palmar interossei have

A

one = unipennate

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19
Q

what nerve innervates the palmar interossei

A

ulnar nerve (deep branch)

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20
Q

where do the palmar interossei insert in terms of both anatomy and the midline

A

inserts away from the midline

inserts into the dorsal digital expansion hood

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21
Q

what is the function of the palmar interossei

A

adduct the fingers

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22
Q

which structure does the palmar ligament attach to

A

dorsal extensor hood

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23
Q

what nerve innervates the adductor pollicis longus

A

ulnar nerve (deep branch)

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24
Q

where is the origin and insertion of the adductor pollicis

A

Origin = middle of 3rd MC front, 3rd MC base and the capitate head

insertion = dorsal digital expansion hood

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25
Q

what does the adductor pollicis longus do

A

pill the thumb in towards the hand

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26
Q

what are the 2 different types of lumbricals differentiated by

A

2 bipennate and 2 are unipennate

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27
Q

the 2 bipennate lumbricals are innervated by which nerve

A

ulnar nerve

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28
Q

the 2 unipennate lumbricals are innervated by which nerve

A

median nerve

29
Q

which side medial/lateral are the unipennate lumbricals found

A

lateral

30
Q

which side medial/lateral are the bipennate lumbricals found

A

medial

31
Q

which digits are the bipennate/unipennate lumbricals found

A

bipennate = digits 5 and 4

unipennate = digits 3 and 2

32
Q

where do the bipennate lumbricals originate and insert to

A

2 medial bipennate lumbricals (3rd and 4th) originate from the opposing/adjacent FDP tendons

insert onto the lateral side of the dorsal expansion hood

33
Q

where do the bipennate lumbricals originate and insert to

A

originate from the lateral sides of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon

insert onto the lateral side of the dorsal expansion hood

34
Q

what action does the lumbricals cause

A

MCPJ flexion

35
Q

what joints are flexed when the FDP contracts while the interossei and lumbricals are relaxed

A

flexion of MCP and IP joints

36
Q

what joints are flexed when the FDP contracts while the interossei and lumbricals contract

A

flexion of MCP joint but extension of IP joints

37
Q

what are the 3 muscles that are part of the thenar muscle group

A

abductor pollicis brevis

flexor pollicis brevis

opponens pollicis

38
Q

what nerve innervates the thenar muscles

A

median nerve

39
Q

what nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles

A

ulnar nerve

40
Q

what does the abductor pollicis brevis and flexor pollicis brevis insert onto

A

inserts onto the dorsal digital expansion hood of the thumb

41
Q

what do the opponens pollicis insert onto

A

inserts onto the MC outer border

42
Q

what is the origin of the thenar muscles

A

flexor retinaculum and carpal bones underneath - trapezium and scaphoid

43
Q

what is the origin of the hypothenar muscles

A

flexor retinaculum and carpal bones underneath - pisiform and hamate

44
Q

what does the opponens pollicis do

A

rolls thumb into the palm

45
Q

what are the 3 hypothenar muscles

A

abductor digiti minimi

flexor digiti minimi

opponens digiti minimi

46
Q

where does the hypothenar muscles insert onto

A

inserts into the dorsal digital expansion hood of the pinky

47
Q

what do the radial and ulnar arteries split off into

A

deep and superficial branches

48
Q

what is the path of the superficial and deep radial/ulnar arteries

A

the superficial arteries connect to form the superficial palmar arch

the deep arteries connect to form the deep palmar arch

49
Q

what are the arteries that comes off the deep palmar artery

A

palmar metacarpal arteries

50
Q

what vessesls do the palmar metacarpal arteries connect

A

between the deep palmar artery and the common palmar digital arteries

51
Q

how many palmar metacarpal arteries are there

A

3

52
Q

how many common palmar digital arteries are there

A

3

53
Q

what are the arteries that comes off the superficial palmar artery

A

common palmar digital artery

54
Q

what arteries does the common palmar digital arteries give off and how many arteries does each give off

A

proper palmar digital arteries

2 off each common palmar digital artery

55
Q

the proper palmar digital arteries are either side of what structures

A

either side of the fiberosseous sheaths holding the flexor tendons

56
Q

what nerve supplies the skin over the medial anterior wrist

A

palmar cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve

57
Q

what does the median nerve travel through in the wrist

A

through the carpal tunnel

58
Q

what nerve branches off the median nerve at the wrist

A

palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve

59
Q

what nerve supplies the skin over the lateral anterior wrist

A

palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve

60
Q

what is the nerve that branches off the ulnar nerve just below the wrist

A

dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve

61
Q

what does the dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve innervate

A

posterior aspect of hand for the 5th and half of 4th digit from finger tip to the wrist

62
Q

what does the palmar cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve supply

A

the medial anterior skin of the wrist

63
Q

what does the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve supply

A

the anterior lateral skin of the wrist

64
Q

what is the nerve that wraps around the base of the thumb skin from the dorsum of the hand

A

superficial branch of the radial nerve

65
Q

what supplies the entire back of the hand excluding the fingertips of digits 1-half of 4 and excluding the medial dorsum and digits half of 4 and 5

A

radial nerve

66
Q

what branches does the ulnar and radial nerves give off in the anterior of the hand

A

common palmar digital nerves

67
Q

what do the common palmar digital nerves become

A

proper palmar digital nerves

68
Q

what does the dorsal branches of the proper palmar digital nerves supply

A

posterior of finger tips for digits 2-half of 4

69
Q

what nerve supplies the posterior of finger tips for digits 2-half of 4

A

the dorsal branches of the proper palmar digital nerves supply

MED221A/B Lectures (23 decks)

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