MSK 10 - The hand

Question 1

what movements does the metacarpophalangeal joints allow

what is the exception

Answer 1

flexion/extension

adduction/abduction

exception is the first MCP joint which only allows flexion/extension

Question 2

what movement is permitted by the interphalangeal joints

Answer 2

flexion and extension

Question 3

where do the collateral ligaments join to on the hand

Answer 3

around the fibro osseous tunnel and the sides of the interphalangeal joints distal and proximal as well as on the metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 4

where do the palmar ligaments run

Answer 4

in the fibro-osseous tunnels of the distal and proximal IP joints as well as the MCPJ

Question 5

where does the deep transverse metacarpal ligament run

Answer 5

at the MCPJ either side of the fibro-osseous tunnel

Question 6

what does the deep transverse metacarpal ligament do

Answer 6

stops the distal ends of MC from over-splaying and adds stability to the palm

Question 7

what structure wraps around the flexor tendons of the hand

Answer 7

synovial sheaths

Question 8

what are the two synovial sheaths of the hand for the flexor tendons

Answer 8

common synovial sheath = FDP and FDS tendons

synovial sheath for the flexor pollicis longus tendon

Question 9

the synovial sheaths of the hand run where in relation to the flexor retinaculum

Answer 9

under the flexor retinaculum

Question 10

what is the name of the ligaments holding the adjacent metacarpals together

Answer 10

deep transverse metacarpal ligaments

Question 11

what is the clinical significance of the synovial sheaths continuity throughout the hand

Answer 11

if there is an infection in the sheath of the fingers the infection can travel down to affect the carpal tunnel

Question 12

how many origins do the dorsal interossei have

Answer 12

two - bipennate

Question 13

what nerve innervates the dorsal interossei

Answer 13

ulnar nerve (deep branch)

Question 14

where do the dorsal interossei insert in terms of both anatomy and the midline

Answer 14

into the midline

one head inserts into the dorsal digital expansion hood and the other inserts into the base of the proximal phalanx

Question 15

what is the function of the dorsal interossei

Answer 15

they abduct the fingers

Question 16

which fingers do the dorsal interossei not work on

Answer 16

the pinky and the thumb

Question 17

what are the interossei muscles located between

Answer 17

between the metacarpal bones

Question 18

how many origins do the palmar interossei have

Answer 18

one = unipennate

Question 19

what nerve innervates the palmar interossei

Answer 19

ulnar nerve (deep branch)

Question 20

where do the palmar interossei insert in terms of both anatomy and the midline

Answer 20

inserts away from the midline

inserts into the dorsal digital expansion hood

Question 21

what is the function of the palmar interossei

Answer 21

adduct the fingers

Question 22

which structure does the palmar ligament attach to

Answer 22

dorsal extensor hood

Question 23

what nerve innervates the adductor pollicis longus

Answer 23

ulnar nerve (deep branch)

Question 24

where is the origin and insertion of the adductor pollicis

Answer 24

Origin = middle of 3rd MC front, 3rd MC base and the capitate head

insertion = dorsal digital expansion hood

Question 25

what does the adductor pollicis longus do

Answer 25

pill the thumb in towards the hand

Question 26

what are the 2 different types of lumbricals differentiated by

Answer 26

2 bipennate and 2 are unipennate

Question 27

the 2 bipennate lumbricals are innervated by which nerve

Answer 27

ulnar nerve

Question 28

the 2 unipennate lumbricals are innervated by which nerve

Answer 28

median nerve

Question 29

which side medial/lateral are the unipennate lumbricals found

Answer 29

lateral

Question 30

which side medial/lateral are the bipennate lumbricals found

Answer 30

medial

Question 31

which digits are the bipennate/unipennate lumbricals found

Answer 31

bipennate = digits 5 and 4 unipennate = digits 3 and 2

Question 32

where do the bipennate lumbricals originate and insert to

Answer 32

2 medial bipennate lumbricals (3rd and 4th) originate from the opposing/adjacent FDP tendons insert onto the lateral side of the dorsal expansion hood

Question 33

where do the bipennate lumbricals originate and insert to

Answer 33

originate from the lateral sides of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon insert onto the lateral side of the dorsal expansion hood

Question 34

what action does the lumbricals cause

Answer 34

MCPJ flexion

Question 35

what joints are flexed when the FDP contracts while the interossei and lumbricals are relaxed

Answer 35

flexion of MCP and IP joints

Question 36

what joints are flexed when the FDP contracts while the interossei and lumbricals contract

Answer 36

flexion of MCP joint but extension of IP joints

Question 37

what are the 3 muscles that are part of the thenar muscle group

Answer 37

abductor pollicis brevis flexor pollicis brevis opponens pollicis

Question 38

what nerve innervates the thenar muscles

Answer 38

median nerve

Question 39

what nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles

Answer 39

ulnar nerve

Question 40

what does the abductor pollicis brevis and flexor pollicis brevis insert onto

Answer 40

inserts onto the dorsal digital expansion hood of the thumb

Question 41

what do the opponens pollicis insert onto

Answer 41

inserts onto the MC outer border

Question 42

what is the origin of the thenar muscles

Answer 42

flexor retinaculum and carpal bones underneath - trapezium and scaphoid

Question 43

what is the origin of the hypothenar muscles

Answer 43

flexor retinaculum and carpal bones underneath - pisiform and hamate

Question 44

what does the opponens pollicis do

Answer 44

rolls thumb into the palm

Question 45

what are the 3 hypothenar muscles

Answer 45

abductor digiti minimi flexor digiti minimi opponens digiti minimi

Question 46

where does the hypothenar muscles insert onto

Answer 46

inserts into the dorsal digital expansion hood of the pinky

Question 47

what do the radial and ulnar arteries split off into

Answer 47

deep and superficial branches

Question 48

what is the path of the superficial and deep radial/ulnar arteries

Answer 48

the superficial arteries connect to form the superficial palmar arch the deep arteries connect to form the deep palmar arch

Question 49

what are the arteries that comes off the deep palmar artery

Answer 49

palmar metacarpal arteries

Question 50

what vessesls do the palmar metacarpal arteries connect

Answer 50

between the deep palmar artery and the common palmar digital arteries

Question 51

how many palmar metacarpal arteries are there

Answer 51

3

Question 52

how many common palmar digital arteries are there

Answer 52

3

Question 53

what are the arteries that comes off the superficial palmar artery

Answer 53

common palmar digital artery

Question 54

what arteries does the common palmar digital arteries give off and how many arteries does each give off

Answer 54

proper palmar digital arteries 2 off each common palmar digital artery

Question 55

the proper palmar digital arteries are either side of what structures

Answer 55

either side of the fiberosseous sheaths holding the flexor tendons

Question 56

what nerve supplies the skin over the medial anterior wrist

Answer 56

palmar cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 57

what does the median nerve travel through in the wrist

Answer 57

through the carpal tunnel

Question 58

what nerve branches off the median nerve at the wrist

Answer 58

palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve

Question 59

what nerve supplies the skin over the lateral anterior wrist

Answer 59

palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve

Question 60

what is the nerve that branches off the ulnar nerve just below the wrist

Answer 60

dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve

Question 61

what does the dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve innervate

Answer 61

posterior aspect of hand for the 5th and half of 4th digit from finger tip to the wrist

Question 62

what does the palmar cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve supply

Answer 62

the medial anterior skin of the wrist

Question 63

what does the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve supply

Answer 63

the anterior lateral skin of the wrist

Question 64

what is the nerve that wraps around the base of the thumb skin from the dorsum of the hand

Answer 64

superficial branch of the radial nerve

Question 65

what supplies the entire back of the hand excluding the fingertips of digits 1-half of 4 and excluding the medial dorsum and digits half of 4 and 5

Answer 65

radial nerve

Question 66

what branches does the ulnar and radial nerves give off in the anterior of the hand

Answer 66

common palmar digital nerves

Question 67

what do the common palmar digital nerves become

Answer 67

proper palmar digital nerves

Question 68

what does the dorsal branches of the proper palmar digital nerves supply

Answer 68

posterior of finger tips for digits 2-half of 4

Question 69

what nerve supplies the posterior of finger tips for digits 2-half of 4

Answer 69

the dorsal branches of the proper palmar digital nerves supply