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MED221A/B Lectures > MSK 02 - The pectoral girdle > Flashcards

MSK 02 - The pectoral girdle Flashcards

1
Q

what is the shoulder like when it is flexed

A

arm raised straight ahead in front of the body

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2
Q

what is the shoulder like when it is extended

A

arm is brought back to its starting position

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3
Q

where does the pectoral girdle link the free limb to the axial skeleton

A

at the sternoclavicular joint

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4
Q

what is the general rule between the movement, muscles and stability of a joint

A

greater range of movement = more unstable = more muscles needed to stabilize the joint

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5
Q

what kind of joints are the SCJ and ACJ

A

synovial

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6
Q

what is the conceptual joint like and where is it located

A

located between the medial border of the scapula and the chest wall

well hydrated area allows the bones of the ‘joint’ to slide against each other

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7
Q

what is shoulder rotation based on

A

rotation is described in relation to the glenoid fossa

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8
Q

what are the two functions of the clavicle

A

forms a strut between manubrium and the acromion - holds scap away from the thoracic wall

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9
Q

what are the two ligaments that attach to the inferior surface of the clavicle

A

costoclavicular

coracoclavicular

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10
Q

what are the 3 angles of the scapula

A

glenoid fossa

inferior angle

superior angle

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11
Q

what are the 3 borders of the scapula

A

medial border

superior border

lateral border

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12
Q

what are the 3 protuberances of the scapula

A

coracoid

acromion

spine

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13
Q

what are the 3 surfaces of the scapula

A

subscapula fossa

infraspinous fossa

supraspinous fossa

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14
Q

what does the fibrocartilaginous intra-articular discs do in the SCJ and how does it link to its characteristics (2 things)

A

deformable = more congruence of 2 surfaces and allows bone to change position

adds stability

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15
Q

what are the 4 ligaments of the SCJ

A

interclavicular ligament

costoclavicular ligament

anterior/posterior sternoclavicular ligaments

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16
Q

what is the role of the interclavicular ligament

A

braces the joint

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17
Q

what is the role of the costoclavicular ligament

A

stops clavicle from subluxing upwards

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18
Q

to which two points is the costoclavicular ligament attached

A

underside of clavicle

1st rib costal cartilage

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19
Q

what is the shape of the intra-articular disc in the ACJ

A

wedge shaped

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20
Q

what are the 2 ligaments of the ACJ

A

acromioclavicular ligament

coracoclavicular ligament

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21
Q

what are the 2 components of the coracoclavicular ligament

A

conoid

trapezoid

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22
Q

what is the role of the coracoclavicular ligament

A

allows suspension of the free limb without burning energy (passive)

suspends scapula on underside of clavicle

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23
Q

what is the origin and insertion of pectoralis major

A

origin = medial clavicle and sternum
insertion = lateral lip of intertubercular groove

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24
Q

what is the origin and insertion of pectoralis minor

A

origin = coracoid
insertion = anterolateral aspect of middle ribs

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25
Q

what is the origin and insertion of subclavius

A

origin = 1st rib costal cartilage
insertion = subclavian groove of clavicle

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26
Q

what is the origin and insertion of serratus anterior

A

origin = ribs 1-8/9
insertion = medial border of scapula

27
Q

what is the nerve that innervates pectoralis major

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerve

28
Q

what is the nerve that innervates pectoralis minor

A

medial pectoral nerve

29
Q

what is the nerve that innervates subclavius

A

C5

30
Q

what is the nerve that innervates serratus anterior

A

long thoracic nerve

31
Q

what is the action of pectoralis major

A

adducts humerus

interally rotates humerus

protracts scapula (by pulling on humerus)

Lower fibres depress the scapula

32
Q

what is the action of pectoralis minor

A

protracts scapula

depresses scapula

33
Q

what is the action of subclavius

A

braces clavicle

weak depressor of scapula

34
Q

what is important about the medial pectoral nerve

A

must pass through pec min to get to pec maj

35
Q

what is the action of serratus anterior - all fibres

A

protracts scapula

36
Q

what is the action of serratus anterior - lower fibres

A

superior rotation of scapula

37
Q

what is the origin and insertion of trapezius

A

origin = nuchal ligament, nuchal line, spinous process of C spine down to T12

insertion = clavicle (superior fibres), acromion (middle fibres), spine of scapula (inferior fibres)

38
Q

what is the innervation of trapezius

A

cranial nerve 11 (accessory nerve)

39
Q

what is the action of the trapezius - all together

A

retracts scapula

40
Q

what is the action of the trapezius - superior fibres only

A

elevates scapula

Superior rotation

41
Q

what is the action of the trapezius - middle fibres only

A

retracts scapula

42
Q

what is the action of the trapezius - inferior fibres only

A

depresses scapula

Superior rotation

43
Q

what is the action of the trapezius - superior and inferior fibres only

A

superior rotation of scapula

44
Q

what are the three muscles that are deep to trapezius

A

levator scapulae

rhomboid min and maj

45
Q

what is the origin and insertion of levator scapulae

A

origin = transverse processes of the c spine
insertion = superior angle of scapula

46
Q

what is the origin and insertion of rhomboid major

A

origin = spinous processes of T2-5
insertion = medial border of scapula

47
Q

what is the origin and insertion of rhomboid minor

A

origin = spinous processes of C7-T1
insertion = medial border of scapula

48
Q

what is the innervation of levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular nerve

49
Q

what is the innervation of rhomboid major

A

dorsal scapular nerve

50
Q

what is the innervation of rhomboid minor

A

dorsal scapular nerve

51
Q

what is the action of the levator scapulae muscles

A

inferiorly rotates the scapula

elevates the scapula

52
Q

what is the action of the rhomboid major

A

retracts the scapula

elevates the scapula

inferiorly rotates the scapula

53
Q

what is the action of the rhomboid minor

A

retracts the scapula

elevates the scapula

inferiorly rotates the scapula

54
Q

what does the rhomboid muscles and the serratus anterior muscle do when working together

A

pulls scapula close to the chest wall at the conceptual joint

55
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the latissimus dorsi

A

origin = spinous processes of lower T spine, lumbar and sacral spinous processes and pelvic girdle

insertion = floor of intertubercular groove

56
Q

what is latissimus dorsi innervated by

A

thoracodorsal nerve

57
Q

what is the action of latissimus dorsi all fibres

A

internally rotate humerus

Inferior rotate scapula

adduct humerus

Retract scapula (upper fibres)

58
Q

what is the action of latissimus dorsi - lower fibres

A

depresses scapula

59
Q

what is the structure that is a part of latissumis dorsi and helps it connect onto the pelvic girdle past the muscle belly

A

aponeurosis

60
Q

what are the 3 muscles that protract the scapula

A

pectoralis major

pectoralis minor

serratus anterior

61
Q

what are the 4 muscles that retract the scapula

A

rhomboid minor

rhomboid major

middle fibres of trapezius

upper fibres of latissimus dorsi

62
Q

what are the 6 inferior rotators of the scapula

A

levator scapulae

rhomboid major

rhomboid minor

pectoralis minor

lower pectoralis major

latissimus dorsi

63
Q

what are the 3 superior rotators of the scapula

A

trapezius upper part

trapezium lower part

serratus anterior

64
Q
A

MED221A/B Lectures (23 decks)

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