movement across membrane Flashcards
1
Q
what is diffusion?
A
- the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
- passive process
2
Q
define concentration gradient
A
- difference in concentration between the two regions
3
Q
what is facilitated diffusion?
A
- diffusion that uses channel proteins to allow the movement of certain molecules through the cell membrane
4
Q
what is osmosis?
A
- the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from high water concentration to low water concentration
- passive
5
Q
what is osmotic pressure?
A
- the pressure due to differences in concentration on either side of the selectively permeable membrane.
6
Q
what is active transport?
A
- the movement of certain molecules from low concentration to a high concentration
- WITH ATP
7
Q
what is the passive process?
A
- when the cell’s energy, which comes from cellular respiration does NOT have to be used when allowing materials into the cell.
8
Q
what is an active process?
A
- requires the cell’s energy to be used when allowing materials into the cell.
9
Q
what is vesicular transport?
A
- the movement of substances across the cell membrane in vesicles
- active process
10
Q
what is carrier-mediated transport?
A
- transport of ions or molecules across the cell membrane by special proteins.
11
Q
what is endocytosis?
A
- the process of taking solids and liquids into the cell by vesicular transport
12
Q
what is exocytosis?
A
the process of taking the contents of a vesicle inside the cell out of the cell.
13
Q
what is pinocytosis?
A
the process of taking liquid into the cell by vesicular transport
14
Q
what is phagocytosis?
A
the process of taking solids into the cell by vesicular transport
15
Q
what is tonicity?
A
- The ability of an extracellular solution to make water move into or out of a cell by osmosis
