enzymes Flashcards
what are enzymes?
- biological catalyst
- speed yp chemical reactions in the body
- lower activation energy
what do enzymes control?
biochemical processes
what are the properties of enzymes?
- specific
- speed up reactions
- provide alternate pathways of lower energy
- enzymes are proteins
- produced within the cell
- can break a single structure into smaller components or bring 2 together
- re usable
what factors affect enzyme activity?
- concentration
- temperature
- removal of product
- PH level
- inhibitors
- co factors and enzymes
how does concentration affect enzyme activity?
increasing substrate conc = increase rate of reaction
- as there is more substrate molecules coming in contact with each other
how does temperature affect enzyme activity?
particles move faster which influences activity
if heated above optimal temp then enzyme will lose shape and denature
how does removal of product affect enzyme activity?
must be removed or enzyme + substrate cant make contact
how does PH level affect enzyme activity?
- optimal ph level in wich it works effectively
- very sensitive ph level
how do inhibitors affect enzyme activity?
- slow or stop
- caue blockage in activity
how do co factors & enzymes affect enzyme activity?
- enzymes need specific ions to catalyst a reaction
- co factors change the shape of active site so that enzyme can combine with substrate
what is the lock and key model?
states that the shape of the enzyme is always complementary to the shape of the substrate
what is the active site?
part of an enzyme molecule that combines with substrate
what is the induced fit model?
states that when the enzyme and substrate join, they form weak bonds that cause the shape of the enzyme to change
