cell structure Flashcards
1
Q
what does the vesicle do?
A
- membrane bound sac that transports materials into, our of or within the cell
2
Q
what is the cell membrane?
A
- outer boundary of the cell
- separates cell from neighbouring cells and from the external enviroment
- double membrane
3
Q
what is the golgi body?
A
- Packaging centre for proteins
- Sorts and packages proteins tin vesicles for secretion out of the cell
4
Q
what is the mitochondria?
A
- release energy from the cell through the process of respiration
5
Q
what is the cytoplasm?
A
- thick fluid in the membrane
- all structures are suspended in it
6
Q
what is the cytosol?
A
- liquid part of the cytoplasm
7
Q
what are organelles?
A
- specialised structures suspended in the cytoplasms
8
Q
what are centrioles?
A
- Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only
9
Q
what does smooth ER do?
A
- synthesises lipids
- not covered in ribosomes
10
Q
what does rough ER do?
A
- Has ribosomes
- Modifies and transports proteins within the cell
11
Q
what do ribosomes do?
A
- extend through the cytoplasm and connect the cell membrane with the nuclear membrane
- surface on which chemical reactions can occur
- Used for storage or transport of materials
- Aids in making and transporting lipids and breaking down toxic substances
- Has NO ribosomes
12
Q
what is the cell theory?
A
- States that all organisms are made up of cells which are the basic unit o life, arise from pre – existing cells
13
Q
what is the nucleus?
A
- Contains genetic material (DNA)
- Separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane
14
Q
what are ribosomes?
A
- Very small and spherical
- May be free in cytoplasm but most are attached to membranes
- Packets of RNA that are the site of protein synthesis
15
Q
what is the nucleolus?
A
- Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
16
Q
what is a lysosome?
A
- Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
17
Q
what are flagella?
A
- a long, whip-like filament that helps in cell motility
- Many bacteria are flagellated
18
Q
what are cilia?
A
- Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion
19
Q
what are microtubules?
A
- A hollow rod composed of tubulin proteins that hold cell organelles in place of move them around the cell
20
Q
what is the vacuole?
A
- Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
