Mouth Flashcards
Pallor around the lips (circumoral pallor) is seen in
Anemia and shock
Bluish (cyanotic) lips may result from
Cold or hypoxia
Reddish lips are seen with clients?
ketoacidosis, carbon monoxide poisoning, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with polycythemia.
Swelling of the lips (edema)
is common
In local or systemic allergic or anaphylactic reactions
It is seen when upper or lower incisors protrude.
Malocclusion of teeth
Red, swollen gums that bleed easily are seen in
gingivitis, scurvy (vitamin C deficiency), and leukemia
Receding red gums with loss of teeth are seen in
Periodontitis
Enlarged reddened gums
Hyperplasia
A bluish-black or grey-white line along the gum line is seen
Lead poisoning
may be seen in chronic irritation and smoking.
Leukoplakia
is a precancerous lesion,
and the client should be referred for evaluation.
Leukoplakia
Whitish, curd-like patches that scrape off over reddened mucosa and bleed easily indicate
Thrush (candida albicans) infection
(tiny whitish spots that lie over reddened mucosa) are an early sign of the measles.
Kopliks Spots
may be seen, as may brown patches inside the cheeks of clients with adrenocortical insufficiency
Canker sores
longitudinal fissures seen in
Dehydration
a black tongue indicative of what
Bismuth
smooth, reddish, shiny tongue without papillae indicative of
niacin or vitamin B12 deficiencies, certain anemias, and antineoplastic therapy
may appear as thick white plaques on the hard palate.
Candidal infection
Deep purple, raised, or flat lesions may indicate a
Kaposi’s sarcoma
An opening in the hard palate
Cleft palate
bony protuberance in the midline of the hard palate, is a normal variation seen more often in females, Eskimos, Native Americans, and Asians
Torus palatinus
Normal and abnormal tonsils
Normal - + 1
Abnormal- Tonsils are red, enlarged (to 2+, 3+, or 4+), and covered with exudate in tonsillitis
A bright red throat with white or yellow exu- date indicates
Pharyngitis
Nasal mucosa is swollen and pale pink or bluish gray in clients with
Allergies
Nasal mucosa is red due to
Upper respiratory infection
may be noted on the lower anterior part of the nasal septum with local irritation.
Bleeding (epistasis)
is seen with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis.
Purulent nasal discharge
Frontal or maxillary sinuses are tender to palpation in clients with allergies
Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis
Absence of a red glow usually indicates
Sinus filled with fluid or pus
