HEALTH ASSESSMENT MIDTERMS Flashcards
Abnormal sensations of tingling, pricking, or burning is reffered as?
Paresthesia
Numbness or dulling of the sensations of pain, temperature, and touch to the feet may be seen in what condition?
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy
excessive perspiration
Hyperhidrosis
Medical term for itching
- may be seen with dry skin, drug reactions, allergies, lice, insect bites,
uremia, or obstructive jaundice.
Pruritus
Patchy hair loss
Alopecia
Increase in hair growth - often in the face chest back. Due to increase production of male hormones.
hirsutism
cause green, black, or brown nail discoloration is a sign of?
bacterial infection
Yellow,
thick, crumbling nails are seen in?
fungal infection
what causes white color and separation of nail plate from the nail bed?
YEAST infection
infection is caused by a type of staph bacteria that’s become resistant to many of the antibiotics used to treat ordinary staph infections. An example of hospital acquired infection
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
How many months in order to replace finger nail and totally replace a toenail?
F- 6 MONTHS
T- 12 MONTHS
most common in skin of color. usually form between ages of 10 to 30 especially before 18. Acquired by getting ear/ body piercing and surgical scarring.
Keloids
Too much exposure in temperature that affects the blood supply of the skin and can damage the layers
frostbite and burns
an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and fibrosis (thickening) in the skin and other areas of the body.
Scleroderma
the most common of cancers
skin cancer
types of skin cancer
: melanoma,
basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
is the most common skin cancer in Caucasians,
basal cell carcinoma (BCC),
is the most common in darker skin
squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
are the most common worldwide and are also increasing in populations heavily exposed
to sunlight, especially in areas of ozone depletion
Nonmelanocyte skin cancers
the most serious skin cancer.
Malignant
melanoma
first
noted in 1961, is a type of infection that is resistant to methicillin as well as many other antibiotics. categorized HAIS
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
loss of color, is seen in arterial insufficiency, decreased blood supply, and
anemia
PALLOR
may cause white skin to appear blue-tinged, especially in the perioral, nail bed, and conjunctival areas. Oxygen deficiency.
CYANOSIS
- results from a cardiopulmonary problem
- may be a local problem resulting from vasoconstriction.
Central cyanosis
peripheral cyanosis
in light- and darkskinned people is characterized by yellow
skin tones, from pale to pumpkin, particularly in the sclera, oral mucosa, palms, and soles.
Associated with hepatic dysfunction.
jaundice
is roughening and darkening of skin in localized areas, especially the posterior neck. Associated with diabetes mellitus.
Acanthosis nigricans
Butterfly rash
malar rash
HOW DO U DIFFRENTIATE BETWEEN CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS?
look for central cyanosis in the oral mucosa
Common variations include suntanned areas, freckles, or white patches known as
vitiligo
(skin redness and warmth) is
seen in inflammation, allergic reactions, or
trauma
erythema
a tool that is used to to predict pressure sore risk
Braden scale
this a tool used if any skin breakdown is notes to document the degree of skin breakdown.
Pressure Injury scale for healing
used by some individuals who want to have a scar or keloid. These scars may be created by branding with a hot metal burn or cutting with a knife or scalpel
Scartification
reddish-bluish lesions, are seen with bleeding, venous pressure, aging, liver disease, or
pregnancy
vascular lesions
may indicate local or systemic problems
Lesions
arise
from changes in primary lesions.
secondary lesions
arise from normal skin due
to irritation or disease
Primary lesions
can be either primary or
secondary lesions and are classified as squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma,
or malignant melanoma
cancerous lesions
(rough,
thick sections of epidermis) are common
on areas of the body that are exposed to
constant pressure.
calluses
