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ACLAM 2018 > Mouse biology > Flashcards

Mouse biology Flashcards

1
Q

What is KOMP

A

Knockout Mouse Project through NIH

goal- knock out every functional gene in mouse genome

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2
Q

What is NorCOMM

A

North American Conditional Mouse Mutagenesis Project

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3
Q

What is EUCOMM

A

European Conditional Mouse Mutagenesis Programme

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4
Q

What was the first inbred mouse strain?

A

DBA

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5
Q

What is the gold standard background strain for GM mice created via homologous recombination?

A

C57BL/6

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6
Q

What are spontaneous diseases associated with C57BL/6 mice?

A

melanism, hydrocephalus, hippocampal neurodegenerationn, micropthalmia, anopthalmia, age-related cochlear degeneration + hearing loss, malocclusion

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7
Q

Age lesions of C57BL/6 mice?

A

amyloidosis, pulmonary proteinosis (esp with moth-eaten phenotype)

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8
Q

Neoplasms of C57BL/6?

A

lymphoma
hemangiosarcoma
pituitary adenoma

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9
Q

Color of BALB/c mice?

A

albino

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10
Q

Characteristics of BALB/c mice?

A 
Males prone to fight
epicardial mineralization of R ventricle
myocardial degeneration
auricular thrombosis
corneal opacity
hypocallosity
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11
Q

Neoplasias common in BALB/c?

A

lung adenoma
lymphoma
Harderian gland tumor
adrenal adenoma

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12
Q

Color of C3H/He mice?

A

agouti

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13
Q

Special characteristics of C3H/He mice?

A 
Blind (rd1 mutation)
focal myocardial/skeletal mineralization
myocardial degeneration
age-associated alopecia areata
susceptible to MMTV-associated mammary tumors
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14
Q

Primary use of 129 mice?

A

Embryonic stem cell source

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15
Q

Color of 129 mice?

A

Dependent on substrain- white-bellied agouti most common; also white, chinchilla, agouti

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16
Q

Special characteristics of 129 mice?

A 
hypocallosity
prone to teratomas
pulmonary proteinosis
megaesophagus
common tumors in lungs, Harderian gland, ovary, hemangiosarcoma
Blepharitis common
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17
Q

Special characteristics of FVB/N mice?

A

blind (rd1 mutation)
mammary hyperplasia
hyperplasia or pituitary adenoma of prolactin-secreting cells
tumors in lung, pituitary, Harderian gland, liver, lymphoma, pheochromocytoma

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18
Q

What diseases are common in outbred Swiss mice?

A

retinal degeneration, amyloidosis

tumors–>pulmonary adenoma, lymphoma, liver tumor, pituitary adenoma, hemangioma/sarcoma

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19
Q

What is the main method of random transgenesis in mice?

A

pronuclear injection–> transgenes randomly integrate through genome

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20
Q

What is the cause of hermaphroditism in mice undergoing targeted mutagenesis?

A

Male embryonic stem cells being introduced into female undifferentiated blastocysts

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21
Q

Mouse placentation

A

Hemochorial

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22
Q

Do mice have an open inguinal canal?

A

Yes

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23
Q

How are mice sexually dimorphic?

A

Testes in males
Anogenital distance in pups
Males have larger kidneys with cuboidal epithelium in Bowman’s capsule

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24
Q

Do mice have proteinuria?

A

Yes, especially mature males

25
Q

What are Mups?

A

Mouse urinary proteins- used for scent marking

26
Q

Are mouse kidneys unipapillate or multipapillate?

A

unipapillate

27
Q

Special skeletal characteristics of mice?

A

No Haversian system

28
Q

Do rodents have tonsils?

A

No

29
Q

How old are mice when they are fully immunocompetent?

A

6-12w

30
Q

What strains express the unique immunoglobulin isotype IgG2c?

A

B6, B10, SJL, NOD

31
Q

What chromosome is the MHC locus located on in mice?

A

Chromosome 17

32
Q

What is special about nude mice? What gene is affected?

A

T cell deficient

Foxn1

33
Q

What is special about SCID mice? What gene is affected?

A

B and T cell deficient

Pksdc1

34
Q

What is special about beige mice? What gene is affected?

A

NK cell deficient; see Chediak-Higashi (pale coat, albinism, neuro + eye issues)
Lyst

35
Q

What chromosome is the Btk gene on?

A

X-linked

36
Q

What two strains of mouse have prominent eosinophilic secretory inclusions in gallbladder and middle ear (hyalinosis)?

A

B6

129

37
Q

What is the X zone?

A

Cortical zone of adrenal gland, disappears via vacuolation with male sexual maturity or female pregnancy

38
Q

What strain doesn’t have post-lactation involution of mammary glands due to hyperplasia of prolactin-producing cells in the pituitary?

A

FVB

39
Q

What mouse strain is the only one to have Mus spretus in it?

A

C57BL/6

40
Q

What is an aboriginal species?

A

species that lives independent of humans

41
Q

What is a commensal species?

A

coevolved and geographically radiated with human civilization

42
Q

How many chromosomes do mice have?

A

40

43
Q

Is an F1 line self-perpetuating?

A

No, constantly need to cross from parent strains

44
Q

What is a mouse strain?

A

Inbred mouse line developed by at least 20 brother x sister mated generations

45
Q

What is an isogenic/syngenic mouse?

A

one that is genetically identical to other mice of the same strain/sex

46
Q

How many generations must a strain be separated before it becomes a substrain?

A
  • inbred strain separated before F40

- branches separated for 100 generation

47
Q

What type of mouse is maximally heterozygous?

A

F1 mice

48
Q

Type of mouse strain where mice are identical except for a single mutant allele

A

coisogenic

49
Q

At what date post-conception are mouse embryos manipulated for pronuclear injection?

A

0.5 dpc

50
Q

At what date post-conception are mouse blastocysts manipulated for microinjection of ES?

A

3.5 dpc

51
Q

When are mouse zygotes in the morula stage?

A

2.5 dpc

52
Q

Mice are superovulated for embryo collection using what two drugs?

A

PMSG, then 2 days later hCG

53
Q

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is done during what stage of division in the mouse oocyte?

a. Telophase I
b. Anaphase I
c. Anaphase II
d. Metaphase I
e. Metaphase II

A

e. Metaphase II

54
Q

Which of the following inbred mice strains have a high natural prevalence of mammary tumors?

a. C3H, A, and DBA/2
b. BALB/c, C75BL, and AKR
c. 129, FVB, and BXD
d. XID, nude mice, and CcS
e. CBA, SCID, SWR/J

A

a. C3H, A, and DBA/2

55
Q

Which of the following IS NOT a subspecies of Mus musculus?

a. Castaneus
b. Domesticus
c. Molossinus
d. Spretus

A

d. Spretus

56
Q

Which of the following statements describes clinical signs associated with choline deficiency in mice?

a. Tremors or convulsions
b. Heart failure
c. Neurological abnormalities
d. Decreased conception
e. Achromotrichia

A

d. Decreased conception

57
Q

Which tumor is typically associated with mineral oil, pristane, plastics, and other foreign material injected intraperitoneally in BALB/c mice?

A

plasmacytoma

58
Q

Which mouse strain has an induced mutation that results in defective recombinase enzymes, thereby preventing formation of functional B  (Ig) and T cell receptors?

a. Nude
b. Xid
c. Rag-1
d. SCID
e. Beige

A

c. Rag-1

59
Q

All of the following agents have been successfully used as cryoprotectants for long-term storage of embryos EXCEPT?

a. Dimethyl sulfoxide
b. Ethylene sulfoxide
c. Ethylene glycol
d. Glycerol
e, Erythritol

A

b. Ethylene sulfoxide

ACLAM 2018 (17 decks)

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