Mouse biology

Question 1

What is KOMP

Answer 1

Knockout Mouse Project through NIH

goal- knock out every functional gene in mouse genome

Question 2

What is NorCOMM

Answer 2

North American Conditional Mouse Mutagenesis Project

Question 3

What is EUCOMM

Answer 3

European Conditional Mouse Mutagenesis Programme

Question 4

What was the first inbred mouse strain?

Answer 4

DBA

Question 5

What is the gold standard background strain for GM mice created via homologous recombination?

Answer 5

C57BL/6

Question 6

What are spontaneous diseases associated with C57BL/6 mice?

Answer 6

melanism, hydrocephalus, hippocampal neurodegenerationn, micropthalmia, anopthalmia, age-related cochlear degeneration + hearing loss, malocclusion

Question 7

Age lesions of C57BL/6 mice?

Answer 7

amyloidosis, pulmonary proteinosis (esp with moth-eaten phenotype)

Question 8

Neoplasms of C57BL/6?

Answer 8

lymphoma
hemangiosarcoma
pituitary adenoma

Question 9

Color of BALB/c mice?

Answer 9

albino

Question 10

Characteristics of BALB/c mice?

Answer 10

Males prone to fight
epicardial mineralization of R ventricle
myocardial degeneration
auricular thrombosis
corneal opacity
hypocallosity

Question 11

Neoplasias common in BALB/c?

Answer 11

lung adenoma
lymphoma
Harderian gland tumor
adrenal adenoma

Question 12

Color of C3H/He mice?

Answer 12

agouti

Question 13

Special characteristics of C3H/He mice?

Answer 13

Blind (rd1 mutation)
focal myocardial/skeletal mineralization
myocardial degeneration
age-associated alopecia areata
susceptible to MMTV-associated mammary tumors

Question 14

Primary use of 129 mice?

Answer 14

Embryonic stem cell source

Question 15

Color of 129 mice?

Answer 15

Dependent on substrain- white-bellied agouti most common; also white, chinchilla, agouti

Question 16

Special characteristics of 129 mice?

Answer 16

hypocallosity
prone to teratomas
pulmonary proteinosis
megaesophagus
common tumors in lungs, Harderian gland, ovary, hemangiosarcoma
Blepharitis common

Question 17

Special characteristics of FVB/N mice?

Answer 17

blind (rd1 mutation)
mammary hyperplasia
hyperplasia or pituitary adenoma of prolactin-secreting cells
tumors in lung, pituitary, Harderian gland, liver, lymphoma, pheochromocytoma

Question 18

What diseases are common in outbred Swiss mice?

Answer 18

retinal degeneration, amyloidosis

tumors–>pulmonary adenoma, lymphoma, liver tumor, pituitary adenoma, hemangioma/sarcoma

Question 19

What is the main method of random transgenesis in mice?

Answer 19

pronuclear injection–> transgenes randomly integrate through genome

Question 20

What is the cause of hermaphroditism in mice undergoing targeted mutagenesis?

Answer 20

Male embryonic stem cells being introduced into female undifferentiated blastocysts

Question 21

Mouse placentation

Answer 21

Hemochorial

Question 22

Do mice have an open inguinal canal?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

How are mice sexually dimorphic?

Answer 23

Testes in males
Anogenital distance in pups
Males have larger kidneys with cuboidal epithelium in Bowman’s capsule

Question 24

Do mice have proteinuria?

Answer 24

Yes, especially mature males

Question 25

What are Mups?

Answer 25

Mouse urinary proteins- used for scent marking

Question 26

Are mouse kidneys unipapillate or multipapillate?

Answer 26

unipapillate

Question 27

Special skeletal characteristics of mice?

Answer 27

No Haversian system

Question 28

Do rodents have tonsils?

Answer 28

No

Question 29

How old are mice when they are fully immunocompetent?

Answer 29

6-12w

Question 30

What strains express the unique immunoglobulin isotype IgG2c?

Answer 30

B6, B10, SJL, NOD

Question 31

What chromosome is the MHC locus located on in mice?

Answer 31

Chromosome 17

Question 32

What is special about nude mice? What gene is affected?

Answer 32

T cell deficient | Foxn1

Question 33

What is special about SCID mice? What gene is affected?

Answer 33

B and T cell deficient | Pksdc1

Question 34

What is special about beige mice? What gene is affected?

Answer 34

NK cell deficient; see Chediak-Higashi (pale coat, albinism, neuro + eye issues) Lyst

Question 35

What chromosome is the Btk gene on?

Answer 35

X-linked

Question 36

What two strains of mouse have prominent eosinophilic secretory inclusions in gallbladder and middle ear (hyalinosis)?

Answer 36

B6 | 129

Question 37

What is the X zone?

Answer 37

Cortical zone of adrenal gland, disappears via vacuolation with male sexual maturity or female pregnancy

Question 38

What strain doesn't have post-lactation involution of mammary glands due to hyperplasia of prolactin-producing cells in the pituitary?

Answer 38

FVB

Question 39

What mouse strain is the only one to have Mus spretus in it?

Answer 39

C57BL/6

Question 40

What is an aboriginal species?

Answer 40

species that lives independent of humans

Question 41

What is a commensal species?

Answer 41

coevolved and geographically radiated with human civilization

Question 42

How many chromosomes do mice have?

Answer 42

40

Question 43

Is an F1 line self-perpetuating?

Answer 43

No, constantly need to cross from parent strains

Question 44

What is a mouse strain?

Answer 44

Inbred mouse line developed by at least 20 brother x sister mated generations

Question 45

What is an isogenic/syngenic mouse?

Answer 45

one that is genetically identical to other mice of the same strain/sex

Question 46

How many generations must a strain be separated before it becomes a substrain?

Answer 46

- inbred strain separated before F40 | - branches separated for 100 generation

Question 47

What type of mouse is maximally heterozygous?

Answer 47

F1 mice

Question 48

Type of mouse strain where mice are identical except for a single mutant allele

Answer 48

coisogenic

Question 49

At what date post-conception are mouse embryos manipulated for pronuclear injection?

Answer 49

0.5 dpc

Question 50

At what date post-conception are mouse blastocysts manipulated for microinjection of ES?

Answer 50

3.5 dpc

Question 51

When are mouse zygotes in the morula stage?

Answer 51

2.5 dpc

Question 52

Mice are superovulated for embryo collection using what two drugs?

Answer 52

PMSG, then 2 days later hCG

Question 53

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is done during what stage of division in the mouse oocyte? a. Telophase I b. Anaphase I c. Anaphase II d. Metaphase I e. Metaphase II 

Answer 53

e. Metaphase II 

Question 54

Which of the following inbred mice strains have a high natural prevalence of mammary tumors? a. C3H, A, and DBA/2 b. BALB/c, C75BL, and AKR c. 129, FVB, and BXD d. XID, nude mice, and CcS e. CBA, SCID, SWR/J 

Answer 54

a. C3H, A, and DBA/2

Question 55

Which of the following IS NOT a subspecies of Mus musculus? a.  Castaneus b. Domesticus c. Molossinus d. Spretus

Answer 55

d. Spretus

Question 56

Which of the following statements describes clinical signs associated with choline deficiency in mice? a. Tremors or convulsions b. Heart failure c. Neurological abnormalities d. Decreased conception e. Achromotrichia

Answer 56

d. Decreased conception

Question 57

Which tumor is typically associated with mineral oil, pristane, plastics, and other foreign material injected intraperitoneally in BALB/c mice?

Answer 57

plasmacytoma

Question 58

Which mouse strain has an induced mutation that results in defective recombinase enzymes, thereby preventing formation of functional B  (Ig) and T cell receptors? a. Nude b. Xid c. Rag-1 d. SCID e. Beige

Answer 58

c. Rag-1

Question 59

All of the following agents have been successfully used as cryoprotectants for long-term storage of embryos EXCEPT? a. Dimethyl sulfoxide b. Ethylene sulfoxide c. Ethylene glycol d. Glycerol e, Erythritol

Answer 59

b. Ethylene sulfoxide