motivation Flashcards
What is motivation in sport?
Motivation refers to the psychological factors that drive an individual to pursue and sustain goal-directed behavior in sport, such as achieving success or improving performance.
What are the two types of motivation?
Intrinsic motivation: The drive to engage in an activity for its own sake, such as personal satisfaction or enjoyment.
Extrinsic motivation: The drive to engage in an activity for external rewards, such as trophies, praise, or monetary rewards.
What is the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic motivation tends to lead to greater persistence and enjoyment in the long term.
Extrinsic motivation can enhance intrinsic motivation if external rewards are aligned with personal values, but excessive extrinsic rewards can undermine intrinsic motivation, leading to over-justification
What is the achievement goal theory of motivation?
Task-oriented goals – Focus on improving personal performance and mastery.
Ego-oriented goals – Focus on outperforming others and demonstrating superiority.
What is the The inverted-U hypothesis?
The inverted-U hypothesis suggests that optimal motivation leads to the best performance. Both too little and too much motivation can hinder performance, with the ideal amount of motivation being in the middle range of the continuum.
What is goal setting in sports psychology?
Goal setting is the process of identifying specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives (SMART goals) to increase motivation, focus effort, and track progress in sport.
What are the benefits of setting SMART goals?
Increase focus on specific targets
Boost motivation by breaking down large objectives into smaller, manageable steps
Track progress and stay on course
Build self-confidence with achievable milestones
What is vicarious reinforcement in motivation?
Vicarious reinforcement occurs when an individual’s motivation is increased by observing others being rewarded or praised for their actions. This motivates the observer to imitate similar behavior to receive similar rewards.
What is the difference between motivation and arousal in sport?
Motivation refers to the drive to achieve goals and take action, whereas
Arousal refers to the physiological and psychological state of readiness and alertness that prepares the body for action.
What are the key differences between intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic motivation is driven by internal factors like enjoyment, mastery, and personal satisfaction.
Extrinsic motivation is driven by external rewards such as money, trophies, or recognition from others.
What is the drive theory of motivation?
Drive theory suggests that the greater the level of motivation (drive) an athlete has, the better their performance will be. However, this is dependent on the complexity of the task—simple tasks benefit from high drive, but complex tasks may not.
What is the role of self-confidence in motivation?
Enhancing belief in ability to succeed
Increasing persistence when facing challenges
Helping athletes set higher goals and achieve them
Reducing the negative effects of anxiety or pressure situations
How can feedback influence motivation in sport?
Providing positive reinforcement for correct behaviors
Offering constructive criticism for improvement
Helping athletes track progress towards goals
Enhancing self-efficacy and confidence in abilities
What is Achievement Motivation Theory?
Achievement Motivation Theory, developed by Atkinson, explains how individuals are motivated by the desire to achieve success (or avoid failure). It is influenced by the motivation to approach success (Ms) and the motivation to avoid failure (Maf).
What is NACH (Need for Achievement)?
NACH refers to the desire to achieve success. Individuals with a high NACH seek out challenging tasks, take risks, and are motivated by success and personal accomplishment.
What is NAF (Need for Avoidance of Failure)?
NAF refers to the desire to avoid failure. Individuals with a high NAF are more likely to avoid challenges and prefer tasks where the risk of failure is low. They are motivated by the fear of failure rather than the pursuit of success.
What is Martens’ theory of Competitiveness?
Martens’ theory of competitiveness suggests that competitive trait anxiety plays a key role in motivation. Athletes with high levels of competitiveness are more likely to seek out competition and are more driven by the desire to win and demonstrate superiority over others.
What role do achievement goals play in motivation?
Achievement goals are important because they determine how individuals approach challenges. Those with task-oriented goals focus on mastering skills, while those with ego-oriented goals focus on outperforming others.
How does high NACH affect behavior in sport?
Individuals with high NACH tend to seek out difficult challenges, perform well under pressure, and are motivated to set high personal goals. They thrive on competition and take risks in pursuit of succes
How does high NAF affect behavior in sport?
Individuals with high NAF tend to avoid situations where there is a risk of failure. They are more likely to choose tasks where they feel safe and less likely to take on challenging situations where success is uncertain.
