motivation Flashcards
what is motivation
Motivation is the process of encouraging employees to achieve their full potential and perform at their best.
what are the benefits of a motivated workforce
- Increased productivity and efficiency.
- Improved employee satisfaction and morale.
- Reduced absenteeism and staff turnover.
what was fredrick taylor’s motivation theory?
he believed that people only work for money and that they should be told exactly how to do their jobs.
what were fredrick taylor’s beliefs?
- he believed in close supervision of the workforce
- he also believed in paying people according to how much they produced called ‘piecework’
- he broke down the production recess into a series of small tasks
what are the negatives of taylors theory
Overlooks the importance of non-financial factors such as employee well-being.
what did Eton Mayo believe
- Mayo believed that human relations were crucial to improving productivity in the workplace
- social and psychological needs are just as important as financial needs
how did Eton Mayo want to achieve this
- greater communication
- individual autonomy
- employee community
What is the herzberg two factor theory?
herzberg identified two major sets of influences at work: hygiene factors and motivators themselves.
what are hygiene factors and what should they do
- they should prevent dissatisfaction
- represent the basic needs
- related to the job context not the actual job
what are examples of hygiene factors
- fair supervision
- fair disciplinary rules
- positive employee relations
- job security
what are motivators
relate to the job itself and can be used to
positively motivate employees:
examples of non financial motivators
- personal achievement
- recognition
- interest in the work itself
- responsibility
what are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
physiological, safety, social, esteem, self-actualization
what is the order of the levels of Maslow’s Heirarchy of needs
- Physiological needs (e.g., pay, working conditions).
- Safety needs (e.g. job security ,safe environment).
- Social needs (e.g., teamwork, relationships).
- Esteem needs (e.g., recognition, status).
- Self-actualization (e.g., personal growth, creativity).
What are the main financial methods of motivation?
- Piece rate: Payment per unit produced.
- Commission: Payment based on sales.
- Bonus: Extra payment for meeting targets.
- Salary: Fixed regular payment.
advantages of financial motivation
- motivate employees to reach certain targets
- money is main motivator
- motivate employees to contribute more to the business
disadvantages of financial motivators
- may be demotivated if they cant reach there targets due to external sources
- jealousy of financial success of colleagues
how should a business decide between financial and non-financial methods
- type of workforce
- type of business
- business goals
What are some key non-financial methods of motivation?
- Involving employees in decision-making.
- Job enlargement: Adding more tasks of similar type
- recognition
- opportunities for growth and training
what is empowerment
A series of actions designed to give employees greater control over their working lives
advantages of empowerment
- middle managers are no longer needed
- productivity increase due to job satisfaction
- more innitiative with increased decision making
- less supervision as employees have more responsibility
disadvantages of empowerment
- expensive redundancies
- more training needed expensive
- employees may have more responsibility than they want
- employees may feel they deserve higher pay for more work
what is Porter and Lawler Expectancy Theory
- motivated by reward they expect to receive
- intrinsic reward: positive feelings after completion e.g. pride and satisfaction
- Extrinsic reward: rewards that are external e.g. bonuses and promotion
