Motility

Question 1

L1: Define the following: strong peristaltic waves occurring 1-3 times daily in the colon, moving content faster than normal peristalsis

Answer 1

Mass movement

Question 2

L1: The BER is _______ in the distal GI tract compared to the proximal GI tract

Answer 2

faster

Question 3

L1: Which diagnostic test? Measurement of pressures created by muscles as they move a food bolus

Answer 3

Esophageal Manometry

Question 4

L1: Which diagnostic test? Used to evaluate function of esophageal sphincters and muscle activity along the esophagus

Answer 4

Esophageal Manometry

Question 5

L1: Which type of motility? Used to mix contents locally, contraction pushes contents in both directions

Answer 5

segmentation

Question 6

L1: Which type of motility? Used to move contents down GI tract by coordinated contraction and distension

Answer 6

Peristalsis

Question 7

L2: Filling of rectums triggers relaxation of internal sphincter and release of ____.

Answer 7

VIP and NO

Question 8

L2: In the GI tract, acetylcholine stimulates smooth muscle cells to cause contractions with a frequency of ________.

Answer 8

the basal electrical rhythm (BER)

Question 9

L2: The migrating motor complex (MMC) is regulated by _______.

Answer 9

motilin

Question 10

L2: Which diagnostic test? 24 radiopaque markers administered in a capsule with plain abdominal x-ray 5 days later

Answer 10

Sitz Marker

Question 11

L2: Which diagnostic test? Administration of eggbeaters laced with Tc-99 and observation for gastric emptying

Answer 11

Gastric Scintography

Question 12

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Congenital absence of myenteric neurons in the distal colon

Answer 12

Hirschsprung’s Disease

Question 13

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen usually related to eating; no organic etiology

Answer 13

functional dyspepsia

Question 14

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Impaired transit of food from the stomach to the duodenum

Answer 14

Gastric paresis

Question 15

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Myopathic process that may present with GERD, esophageal strictures, and dysphagia

Answer 15

Scleroderma/Progressive Systemic Sclerosis

Question 16

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Results from stasis that allows bacterial overgrowth leading to fermentation and malabsorption

Answer 16

Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction

Question 17

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Signs/symptoms of mechanical obstruction of the small bowel without a lesion; dilation of the bowel on imaging

Answer 17

Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction

Question 18

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Spastic esophagus disorder of peristalsis

Answer 18

Jackhammer Esophagus

Question 19

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Systemic disease with GI involvement in 80-90% with obliterative small vessel vasculitis

Answer 19

Scleroderma/Progressive Systemic Sclerosis

Question 20

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Paradoxical contraction of pelvic floor and external anal sphincters

Answer 20

Dyssynergia