Liver Flashcards
L1: ______: macrophages of the liver
Kupffer Cells
L1: Which etiology is suggested by an infiltrate of eosinophils?
Drug Injury
L1: Which etiology is suggested by an infiltrate of plasma cells?
Autoimmune hepatitis
L1: Which hepatitis virus? Cannot replicate on its own
D
L1: Which hepatitis virus? Contains some dsDNA
B
L1: Which hepatitis virus? Never progresses to chronic liver disease
A, E
L1: Which hepatitis virus? Transmitted by fecal-oral route
A, E
L2: ______: space between hepatocyte and Kupffer cell
Space of Disse
L2: _____: amount of fibrous tissue deposition
Stage
L2: _____: amount of inflammation and injury
Grade
L2: Name 2 common causes of acute hepatitis
Acute viral hepatitis, drug injury
L2: Name the chief risk factor associated with cholangiocarcinoma.
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
L2: Name the chief risk factor associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
Chronic liver disease/Cirrhosis
L2: Name the mutated gene in hereditary hemochromatosis.
HFE
L2: Name the mutated gene in Wilson’s Disease.
ATP7B (transporter in bile secretion)
L2: Which etiology is suggested by an infiltrate of lymphocytes?
Viral hepatitis
L2: Which etiology is suggested by an infiltrate of neutrophils?
Steatohepatitis
L2: Which hepatitis virus? Associaed with intranasal cocaine use
C
L2: Which hepatitis virus? Associated with sexual contact
B
L2: Which hepatitis virus? Ground glass hepatocytes with virion inclusions in the endoplasmic reticulum
B
L2: Which hepatitis virus? Higher mortality in pregnant women
E
L2: Which hepatitis virus? Major cause of chronic liver disease in the US
B
L2: Which hepatitis virus? Major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide
C
L2: Which hepatitis virus? Progresses to chronic liver disease in 10% of patients
B
L2: Which hepatitis virus? Progresses to chronic liver disease in 80% of patients
C
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Anti-mitochondrial antibody in 90%; histology shows granulomatous lymphocytic cholangitis
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Benign mass-like proliferation of hepatocytes arising from a local vascular flow anomaly
Focal nodular hyperplasia
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Benign neoplasm of hepatocytes; most common in women of childbearing age, very low risk of transformation to malignancy
Hepatocellular Adenoma
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Cholangiography shows alternating strictures and dilatation of duct; no specific serologic findings
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Elevated IgG and serum autoantibodies
Autoimmune hepatitis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Immune-mediated attack of small caliber bile ducts
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Immune-mediated obliterative fibrosis of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Increased de novo lipogenesis and decreased beta-oxidation
Alcohol-Related Steatohepatitis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Increased lipolysis of visceral fat due to endocrine abnormalities
Non-Alcohol Steatohepatitis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Insidious onset with pruritis appearing before jaundice, most common in middle aged women
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Liver disease and neuropsychiatric problems; autosomal recessive inheritance
Wilson’s Disease
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Major cause of acute liver failure leading to transplant in the US
Acetaminophen Drug Toxicity
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Malignant neoplasm of bile ducts
Cholangiocarcinoma
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Manifests as liver disease, diabetes, and heart failure; autosomal recessive inheritance
Hereditary Hemochromatosis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Most common malignant liver tumor
Metastases
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Most common primary hepatic tumor; usually small and asymptomatic
Hemangioma
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Most common primary malignant liver tumor
Hepatocellular carcinoma
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Neutrophilic Infiltrates and Mallory bodies
Alcohol-Related Steatohepatitis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Onion-skin periductal fibrosis with progressive disappearance of the bile duct
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
L2: Which pathologic pattern? PiZZ genotype causing pulmonary emphysema; liver disease in 10% of patients
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
L2: Which pathologic pattern? Steatosis and centrilobular fibrosis on histology; caused by alcohol, metabolic syndrome, or drug injury
Steatohepatitis
L3: Name 3 causes of chronic hepatitis
Chronic viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, drug injury
L3: Name the top 3 risk factors for Hepatitis C infection
IV drug abuse, multiple sexual partners, recent surgery
L4: Name 4 patterns of fibrosis in the liver.
Portal fibrosis, Periportal fibrosis, Bridging fibrosis, Cirrhosis
