Histology Flashcards
L1: _______ are specialized epithelial cells that function as antigen-presenting cells in the GI tract.
M cells
L1: Along the length of the small intestine, the amount of lymphatic tissue ______ from proximal to distal.
increases
L1: Along the length of the small intestine, the number of goblet cells ______ from proximal to distal.
increases
L1: Along the length of the small intestine, the number of villi ______ from proximal to distal.
decreases
L1: Brunner’s glands release _______.
bicarbonate
L1: Crypts of Lieberkuhn are located in the _______.
small intestine
L1: In the small intestine, stem cells are abundant in the ________.
lower third of crypts
L1: The central lymphatic vessel in a small intestinal villus is a called a _______.
lacteal
L1: The esophagus is line by _______-type epithelium
stratified squamous
L1: The muscularis externa is involved in ________.
peristalsis
L1: What structure is unique to the duodenal segment of the small intestine?
Brunner’s Glands
L2: ________ is an apical surface enzyme on ______ cells that converts trypsinogen to trypsin.
Enterokinase; enterocytes
L2: A cells: secrete _____.
glucagon
L2: Acid secretion in the stomach is induced by _______.
gastrin and histamine
L2: Chief cells secrete ______.
pepsinogen
L2: D cells: secrete _____ in the _______.
somatostatin; stomach except center
L2: EC cells: secrete _____.
Serotonin
L2: G cells: secrete _____ in the _______.
gastrin; pylorus
L2: I cells: secrete _____ in the _______.
CCK; small intestine
L2: In salivary secretions, watery secretions stain _______, while more mucous secretions stain more ________.
darkly; lightly
L2: Mo cells: secrete _____ in the _______.
motilin; small intestine
L2: Parietal cells secrete ______.
acid, intrinsic factor
L2: S cells: secrete _____ in the _______.
secretin; small intestine
L2: Secretion of contents from pancreatic acinar cells is under control by _______.
secretin; CCK
L2: The muscularis externa is innervated by ________.
Auerbach’s Plexus
L2: The muscularis mucosa is innervated by ________.
Meissner’s Plexus
L2: The muscularis muscosa is involved in _________.
propulsion of gland contents
L2: The small intestine has transverse-oriented folds projecting into the lumen of the intestine called ________.
Plicae circulares
L2: The stomach has longitudinal folds called ________ that enable stretching of the stomach to accommodate increased stomach contents.
Rugae
L2: VIP cells: secrete _____ in the _______.
VIP; stomach/intestines
L3: Name the 4 layers of the GI tract wall
Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis externa, Serosa/adventitia
L3: Paneth cells have eosinophilic granules containing _________. (3)
Defensins, lysozyme, phospholipase
L3: Stem cells of the stomach lie in the _______.
Neck region of ducts
