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GI > Liver 2 > Flashcards

Liver 2 Flashcards

1
Q

L1: _____: antibody to HBsAg, marker of immunity to hepatitis B

A

HBsAb

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2
Q

L1: _____: Hepatitis B surface antigen, marker of active inflamamation, presence for more than 6 months is used to define chronic hepatitis

A

HBsAg

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3
Q

L1: _____: marker of current or prior Hepatitis B infection, antibody to core protein

A

HBcAb

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4
Q

L1: Classification: _______: direct hyperbilirubinemia

A

Conjugated

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5
Q

L1: Classification: _______: indirect hyperbilirubinemia

A

Unconjugated

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6
Q

L1: What is a possible cause of AST/ALT ratio greater than 1?

A

Cirrhosis

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7
Q

L1: Which infection is cleared with treatment: HBV or HCV?

A

HCV

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8
Q

L1: Which liver function tests signifty cholestasis?

A

Alkaline Phosphatase, Bilirubin

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9
Q

L1: Which liver function tests signify hepatocellular damage?

A

ALT and AST

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10
Q

L1: Which pathologic pattern? 25-40% of neonatal cholestasis, sporadic and familial forms, diagnosis of exclusion

A

Idiopathic Neonatal Hepatitis

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11
Q

L1: Which pathologic pattern? Most common malgnant primary liver tumor in patients

A

Hepatoblastoma

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12
Q

L1: Which pathologic pattern? Most common malgnant primary liver tumor in patients >5 years old

A

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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13
Q

L1: Which pathologic pattern? Obstruction of extrahepatic biliary tree

A

Biliary Atresia

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14
Q

L2: _____: associated with lower viral load of HBV

A

HBeAb

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15
Q

L2: _____: presence signifies active viral hepatitis B replication

A

HBV DNA

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16
Q

L2: _____: surrogate marker for high viral load of HBV

A

HBeAg

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17
Q

L2: How is chronic HBV defined?

A

HBsAg more than 6 months

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18
Q

L2: How is chronic HCV defined?

A

HCV RNA more than 6 months

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19
Q

L2: Name 2 risk factors for hepatoblastoma

A

FAP, Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome

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20
Q

L2: Treatment of autoimmune hepatitis

A

Corticosteroids and azathioprine

21
Q

L2: Treatment of hemochromatosis

A

Therapeutic Phlebotomy (Chelation therapy in anemic patients)

22
Q

L2: Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

A

Risk Factor Modification

23
Q

L2: Treatment of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

A

Ursodeoxycolic Acid (UDCA)

24
Q

L2: Treatment of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

A

No medical therapy; manage duct complications

25
Q

L2: Treatment of Wilson Disease

A

Chelation Therapy (D-penicillamine or trientine); Zinc (maintenance therapy)

26
Q

L2: Treatment options for HBV

A

Interferon, Nucleotide(side) analogs

27
Q

L2: What is a possible cause of AST/ALT ratio greater than 2?

A

Alcoholic Liver Disease

28
Q

L2: What is the pathologic gene aberration in hepatoblastoma?

A

Wnt/Beta-catenin (80%)

29
Q

L2: What serum marker may be used in diagnosis of hepatoblastoma?

A

alpha-fetoprotein

30
Q

L2: Which hepatocellular LFT is located in the cytosol and mitochondria?

A

AST

31
Q

L2: Which hepatocellular LFT is located in the cytosol only?

A

ALT

32
Q

L2: Which hepatocellular LFT is most specific?

A

ALT

33
Q

L2: Which liver function test marker is expressed in the heart, muscle, and blood in addition to the liver?

A

AST

34
Q

L2: Which liver function test marker is expressed in the nearly all tissues with particular emphasis on bone?

A

Alkaline Phosphatase

35
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Autosomal dominat mutation in bilirubin-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1)

A

Type II Crigler-Najjar Syndrome

36
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Autosomal recessive mutation in bilirubin-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1), requires transplant

A

Type I Crigler-Najjar Syndrome

37
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Biliary atresia due to genetic abnormality with jaundice at birth; associated developmental defects

A

Embryonic/Fetal Biliary Atresia

38
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Biliary atresia with new onset progressive jaundice 1-6 weeks after birth; etiology unknown

A

Perinatal Biliary Atresia

39
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Congenital abnormality of bile ducts resulting in dilatation and cholestasis

A

Choledochal Cyst

40
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Hereditary defect in excretion of conjugated bilirubin due to mutation in MRP2; variable hyperbilirubinemia

A

Dubin-Johnson Syndrome

41
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Most common indication for transplantation in pediatric patients

A

Biliary Atresia

42
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Pain, jaundice, RUQ mass presenting prior to age 10

A

Choledochal Cyst

43
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Unknown defect resulting in variable conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

A

Rotor Syndrome

44
Q

L2: Which pathologic pattern? Variable expression of UGT1A1 with recurrent stress-induced hyperbilirubinemia (seen in 5-10% of the population)

A

Gilbert Syndrome

45
Q

L3: Indication for HBV treatment

A

advanced liver disease or HBsAg more than 6 months with HBV DNA in serum and elevation of ALT or AST

46
Q

L3: Name 3 malignant pediatric liver tumors.

A

Hepatoblastoma, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Undifferentiated/Embryonal Sarcoma

47
Q

L4: Name 4 benign pediatric liver tumors.

A

Mesenchymal hamartoma, teratoma, hepatocelular adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia

48
Q

L4: Name 4 causes of unconjugated/indirect hyperbilirubinemia

A

Gilbert’s Disease, Crigler-Najjar Syndrome, Hemolysis, Cirrhosis

49
Q

L4: Name 4 non-hepatic causes of AST or ALT elevation less than 5 times normal

A

Vigorous exercise, hemolysis, thyroid disease, myopathy

GI (15 decks)

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