More essential words (conjunctions and prepositions)

Question 1

O

Answer 1

or; conj.
• Idiom: “o sea” = “that is (i.e.)/or it be”
• Used when trying to reword something.

*Joel is by the rides and wants to make the pandas dizzy. He needs to put them on either the carousel or [o] the ferris wheel (both shaped like O’s).

Question 2

Porque

Answer 2

Because; the reason for something.
“Que esté muy bien, porque yo lo estoy” = “That she may be very well, because I am it (May she be very well, because I am)”

*Joel sees a pig in the amusement park and wonders why is it there.
• A drunk man yells “because we have to sell pork (porque) in our concessions”

Question 3

Sobre (3)

Answer 3

On (atop), over (above), or about (relating to); prep.
• ‘en’ your house means you are in your house.
• ‘sobre’ your house means you are on (or over) your house.
• Speaking over (sobre) somebody.
• “El libro está sobre la mesa” = “The book is on top of the table”
○ ‘Estar’ = relating to the position of the book, or how the book is.
• “El libro es sobre la mesa” = “The book is about the table”
○ ‘Ser’ = relating to what the book is.

*Joel asks where the drunk man is, and the pandas tell him that the drunk man is sobre the carousel.
• Joel exclaims “he’s sober?!?”
• The pandas answer that, no, he is drunk, but he is sobre the carousel.

Question 4

Cuando

Answer 4

When; conj.

*Joel brought his wand to the rides, and he will ride whichever ride he is walking past when his wand [cuando] lights up.
• Joel is trying to decide whether or not to ride the waterslide, and he will ride it when his wand [cuando] lights up.

Question 5

Ni (2)

Answer 5

Neither, nor (used for negation, i.e. when something is not true); conj.
*Joel, looking at the pandas, notices that none of the pandas have knees [ni].
• Neither this panda, nor that panda.

Question 6

Sin

Answer 6

Without; prep.

*Joel tries to get on the ferris wheel, despite his awkward wings.
• The owners ask him to please remove his wings before he gets on.
• Joel says that he cannot be seen [sin] without his wings, and the owners eventually let him on because he keeps asking.

Question 7

Hasta

Answer 7

Until (pertaining to time or location); prep.
• Hasta esta noche! = Until this night (until tonight)! or, “I’ll see you tonight”.

*He tells the pandas that he was able to get on because he kept asking [hasta] until he was successful.

Question 8

Así

Answer 8

In this way; thusly

*Mnemonic: How do you do this? -Like this/in this way/thusly
• Ah, I see [así]

“Vale. Siendo así, voy con vosotros.”
– Sure. If it’s this way, I am going with you guys.

“Déjese ser visto, así puedes mantener el orden.”
– Let yourself be seen, that way you can keep the order.

“Así están las cosas.”
– That’s how matters stand (That’s the ways things are).

“No tienes derecho a hablarme así.”
– You have no right to talk to me like that.