Conjunctions and prepositions

Question 1

“y” – give part of speech, definition(s), and examples of usage.

Answer 1

conj. = And (e.g. Meat and potatoes).

Question 2

“de” – give part of speech, definitions (2), and examples of usage.

Answer 2

prep. = Of or from (e.g. The house of Juan, From here we left, e.g. Is it the truth?/Is is true? = Is it of truth) – If you want to say, “It is the same as it has always been,” you would say, “It is the same of always.”

Question 3

“en” – give part of speech, definition (2), and examples of usage.

Answer 3

prep. Pronounced like “ayne” = In or on (depending on the context). To say “I am at home” in Spanish, one would say “I am in home, or I am in house”

Question 4

“a” – give part of speech, definitions (2), and examples of usage.

Answer 4

prep. = To or at.
- To (as in “towards,” i.e. going “towards/to” something, or “I am going to play that game”).
- At (as in I am good at that game).

Question 5

“por” – give part of speech, definitions (10), and examples of usage. Mnemonic.

Answer 5

prep. → THINK: AAA BBB-BBBe F
- Around (as in around here), e.g. “the day-to-day around here.”
- Around (used in place of near), e.g. “I am from around/near here.”
- Along (used in placed of for), e.g. “I was there for/along (por) many years.”

• By (as in coming from something), e.g. “the book was written by the author.”
• By (as in near), e.g. “we walked by their house.”
• By (indicating place): “Come by my house”
• By way of/Through: “The thread passed through the needle”
• By (indicating mode): “We traveled by train, not by bus.”
• Because of (indicating cause): “I got fired because of my bad attitude.”
• For (in exchange, in place of): “I’ll give you ten bucks for the blanket.”
• Through? Sometimes used as for, or, in place of. *

1. (indicating place)
   a. by
   Pásate por mi casa si quieres.
   Come by my house if you want.
2. (indicating cause)
   a. because of
   Se retiró por problemas personales.
   She resigned because of personal issues.
3. (indicating a period of time)
   a. for
   Estaré en Madrid por Navidad.
   I will be in Madrid for Christmas.
4. (indicating mode)
   a. by
   Puedes seguir tu paquete por correo electrónico.
   You can track your parcel by e-mail.
5. (by way of)
   a. through
   El hilo pasa por la aguja.
   The thread passes through the needle.
6. (to get; used with “ir”)
   a. to pick up
   ¿Has ido por tu hijo a la escuela?
   Have you picked up your son at school?
7. (mathematics)
   a. times
   Tres por tres son nueve.
   Three times three is nine.
8. (for each)
   a. per
   Mi tarifa es 50 dólares por artículo.
   My rate is 50 dollars per article.
9. (in exchanges)
   a. for
   Te doy quince pesos por la cobija.
   I’ll give you fifteen pesos for the blanket.
10. (in place of)
    a. for
    Yo terminaré el trabajo por ti cuando estés de vacaciones.
    I’ll finish the job for you while you’re on vacation.
11. (used to denote future action)
    a. no direct translation
    Está por verse.
    That remains to be seen.
    El asunto está por resolverse.
    The issue will be resolved at any second.
    b. about to
    Mi papá está por llegar.
    My dad’s about to arrive.

Question 6

“que” – give part of speech, definitions (2), and examples of usage.

Answer 6

conj. =
- That (e.g. “How nice that it is you” – in Spanish = “What good that you are you”).
- Than (as in a comparative word), e.g. “I am better than ever.”
* In Spanish one would say “I am better than never.”* ?Does is also mean “Which”?

“¿Que llevarás? Llevaré todo lo que queda.”
-What will you carry? I will carry everything that is left.

“Es importante que me avise.”
-It is important that you warn me.

“Viste mejor que nadie.”
-She dresses better than anyone.

“Tengo que apurarme.”
-I have to hurry.

“Juan, tienes que apurarte.”
-John, you have to hurry.

“Hay que estudiar.”
-It’s necessary to study.