MONOMERS AND POLYMERS

Question 1

what are the three biomechanical bases of life

Answer 1

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

Question 2

what are monomers

Answer 2

SMALL UNITS FROM WHICH LARGER MOLEULES ARE MADE
usually made from carbon
can join together in long chains to form polymers

Question 3

what are polymers

Answer 3

MOLECULES MADE FROMA LARGE NUMBER OF MONOMERS JOINED TOGETHER

Question 4

examples of monomers

Answer 4

amino acids
monosaccharides e.g. glucose
nucleotides e.g. adenosine monophosphate

Question 5

examples of polymers

Answer 5

proteins
carbohydrates
DNA

Question 6

describe covalent bonds

Answer 6

shared pair of electrons
filled outer shell of electrons for both atoms
more stable molecule formed

Question 7

describe ionic bonding

Answer 7

oppositely charged ions attract each other
electrostatic attraction between them is known as as ionic bond
weaker than covalent bonds

Question 8

describe hydrogen bonding

Answer 8

electrons in a molecule tend to position at one side (not evenly distributed)
causes molecules to become polarised
negatively charged region attracts positively charged region of another molecule
individually these bonds are weak but collectively become important forces to define the molecules properties

Question 9

condensation reaction

Answer 9

joining of two monomers
involves loss of a water molecule
repeated many times to extend to required size (polymerisation)
forming a peptide bond

Question 10

hydrolysis reaction

Answer 10

to split the bonds between two monomers
addition of a water molecule