Money Flashcards
bill
bill
Related topics: Parliaments, Law, Performing, Media, Birds
bill1 /bɪl/ ●●● S1 W1 noun [countable]
1 REQUEST FOR PAYMENT a written list showing how much you have to pay for services you have received, work that has been done etc
bill for
The bill for the repairs came to $650.
Have you paid the phone bill?
2 RESTAURANT especially British English a list showing how much you have to pay for food you have eaten in a restaurant SYN check American English
Could we have the bill, please?
3 LAW a written proposal for a new law, that is brought to a parliament so that it can be discussed
approve/pass/veto a bill
The House of Representatives passed a new gun-control bill.
The senator introduced a bill that would increase the minimum wage.
4 MONEY American English a piece of paper money SYN note British English → coin
a five-dollar bill
5 → fit/fill the bill
6 CONCERT/SHOW ETC a programme of entertainment at a theatre, concert, cinema etc, with details of who is performing, what is being shown etc
Tricia topped the bill (=was the most important performer) at the Children’s Variety Show.
7 → give somebody/something a clean bill of health
8 BIRD a bird’s beak
9 ADVERTISEMENT a printed notice advertising an event
10 PART OF A HAT American English the front part that sticks out on a hat such as a baseball cap
11 → the (old) bill
COLLOCATIONS
VERBS
pay a bill
Most people pay their bills on time.
settle a bill (=pay it)
She went down to the lobby to settle the bill for their rooms.
foot the bill/pick up the bill (=pay for something, especially when you do not want to)
Taxpayers will probably have to foot the bill.
run up a bill (=use a lot of something so that you have a big bill to pay)
It’s easy to run up a big bill on your mobile phone.
face a bill (=have a lot to pay on a bill)
They were facing a mounting legal bill.
cut/reduce a bill
We need to find a way to cut our fuel bill.
a bill comes to something (=is for that amount)
The bill came to $60.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + BILL
a big/huge bill
Turn off the lights or we’ll get a huge electricity bill.
an electricity/gas/phone etc bill
I’ll have to pay the gas bill too next month.
a hotel bill
He paid the hotel bill by credit card.
a tax bill
There are various ways you can reduce your tax bill.
an unpaid bill
She had unpaid bills amounting to £3,000.
an outstanding bill (=still unpaid)
He still didn’t have enough to pay his outstanding bills.
coin
- two coins and some paper money (or banknotes)
- دو سکه و مقداری اسکناس
- a gold coin
- سکهی طلا
- a coin laundry
- ماشین رختشویی پولی (سکه خور)
- I have tried to avoid coining new words.
- سعی کردهام که از ساختن واژههای نو خودداری کنم.
- He is really coining it now.
- این روزها کار و بارش سکه است.
- Poverty and ignorance are two sides of the same coin.
- فقر و جهل دو جنبه از یک مسئلهی واحد است.
oin1 /kɔɪn/ ●●● S3 noun
1 Image of coin[countable] a piece of metal, usually flat and round, that is used as money → bill, note► see thesaurus at money
2 → toss/flip a coin
3 → the other/opposite side of the coin
4 → two sides of the same coin
5 [uncountable] money in the form of metal coins
Examples from the Corpus
coin
• The word “yuppie” is a coinage of the 1960s which found a new fame in the 1980s.
• The depictions on paper money and coins reinforce national icons and symbols.
• At the last moment the U.K. managed to push through an optional exemption of archaeological goods such as coins.
• The range of denominations A second way of looking at coins is to examine the denominations in which they were made.
• I used to collect coins when I was a kid.
• A couple of coins landed on the frosty road.
• Impressed by their studiousness, we carefully counted out some coins, making sure each boy got the same amount.
• The driver counts the coins into his tin.
Related topics: Currencies
coin2 verb [transitive]
1 to invent a new word or expression, especially one that many people start to use
The word ‘aromatherapy’ was coined in the 1920s.
2 → to coin a phrase
3 → coin money/coin it (in)
4 to make pieces of money from metal
→ See Verb table
Examples from the Corpus
coin
• And the newcomers never stopped coining.
• But in later years I heard it called the Perilous Chair, and I think the name was coined after that day.
• The term “black hole” was coined in 1969 by the American scientist John Wheeler.
• I coined it but my good friend Will Shakespeare seized it for himself.
• In a school gymnasium full of caucus-goers in Des Moines, Dole inadvertently coined the best phrase of this perplexing campaign.
• Freed was the disk jockey who coined the term “rock ‘n’ roll.”
From Longman Business Dictionary
coin1 /kɔɪn/ noun
1[countable] a piece of metal, usually flat and round, that is used as money
Since the introduction of the £1 coin, the smallest English note is £5.
2[uncountable] money in the form of metal coins
They found £1,000 in coin.
coin2 verb [transitive]
1to make pieces of money from metal
2British English informal coin money/coin it in to earn a lot of money very quickly
Top footballers have been coining it in for years.
→ See Verb table
Origin coin1 (1300-1400) Old French “three-sided piece, corner”, from Latin cuneus; → CUNEIFORM
fiat
حکم، امر، اجازه، رخصت، حکمی، امری
- under the fiat of the king
- تحت فرمان شاه
Related topics: Policies
fi‧at /ˈfiːæt, ˈfaɪæt/ noun [countable] formal
an official order given by someone in a position of authority, without considering what other people want
by fiat
The matter was settled by presidential fiat.
Examples from the Corpus
fiat
• The infantilism and cretinism of the press, for example, can’t be cured by a fiat.
• This water was oily and fiat.
• Lesley had issued her fiat with such confidence that she had taken his compliance for granted.
• A fine dusting of sulfide covers the nearby fiat surfaces of sheeted lavas.
• A bell buoy tolled from across the fiat stretch of gray water beyond.
• They were worried about her being alone in the fiat and had wondered whether she was pregnant or had taken drugs.
• Non mea voluntas sed Tua fiat, he thought.
by fiat
• Public policy issues cannot be settled by fiat.
Fi‧at /ˈfiːət/ trademark
an Italian company which makes cars
He works for Fiat.
Origin fiat (1300-1400) Latin “let it be done”, from fieri “to become, be done”
gold standard
(Noun Phrase) واحد طلا
gold standard
• Each needs an archetype, a gold standard, to allow their specimens to be put in the correct cabinet.
• In fact a gold standard operated in the international economy prior to 1914 and for a period after the First World War.
• Their candy is the gold standard.
• One notable feature of the gold standard was that it allowed automatic adjustment to take place via changes in expenditure and output.
• Presto, the gold standard controlled prices and alleviated trade imbalances.
• Raymond Waites stayed with the gold standard, however, in some delightful details for Lane.
• The gold standard was abandoned, the pound was devalued, and interest rates were lowered.
paper money
(Noun Phrase) ( currency paper ) اسکناس، پول کاغذی
Synonyms: bill of exchange, cash, dollar bill, fiat money, fiduciary currency, negotiable instrument, note
credit card
کارت یا ورقه خرید نسیه
- In the West many people make their purchases with credit cards.
- در غرب، بسیاری از مردم خریدهای خود را با کارت اعتباری انجام میدهند.
debit card
Related topics: Banking
ˈdebit card ●●○ noun [countable]
a plastic card with your signature on that you can use to pay for things. The money is taken directly from your bank account
→ cash card, cheque card, credit card
Examples from the Corpus
debit card
• Visa Delta is a debit card network linked with the Visa credit card network.
• Betting on the day is only through credit or deposit accounts, or by debit card.
• More advanced services include stock and mutual fund brokerage or trading services, currency trading, and credit or debit card management.
• Page 33 Switch applications: Barclays and Lloyds banks have applied to join the Switch debit card network.
From Longman Business Dictionary
ˈdebit card
a plastic card which is used instead of money or a cheque to pay for goods and services. The cost is taken directly from the user’s bank account. Debit cards can also be used to obtain money from cash machines
bond
un) (Adverb) [Countable] قید، بند، زنجیر، (مجازاً) قرارداد الزامآور، عهد و میثاق، هرچیزی که شخص را مقید سازد، معاهده، قرارداد، کفیل، رابطه، پیوستگی، ضمانت، (حقوق) تضمیننامه یا تعهدنامه دائر به پرداخت وجه، رهن کردن، تضمین کردن، اوراق قرضه
- The prisoner could not free himself from his bonds.
- زندانی نتوانست خود را از غل و زنجیر آزاد کند.
- the bond between mother and child
- وابستگی (محبت) مادر و فرزند
- bonds of friendship
- رشتههای مودت
- Marriage is a permanent bond.
- ازدواج رابطهای دائمی است.
- Family bonds are very strong in Iran.
- در ایران پیوندهای خانوادگی بسیار قوی است.
- Glue alone cannot hold these two pieces of wood bonded together.
- چسب بهتنهایی نمیتواند این دو قطعه چوب را به هم متصل نگه دارد.
- Bonds which were put upon them by earlier generations.
- وظایفی که نسلهای پیشین به آنها محول کرده بودند.
- government bonds
- اوراق قرضهی دولتی
plastic
2 [uncountable] informal small plastic cards that are used to pay for things instead of money SYN credit cards
‘I haven’t got any cash.’ ‘Don’t worry, I’ll stick it on the plastic (=pay for it using a credit card).’
Do they take plastic? (=can you pay using a credit card?)
capital
(Noun) (Adjective) حرف بزرگ، حرف درشت، پایتخت، سرمایه، سرستون، سرلوله بخاری، فوقانی، رأسی، مستلزم بریدن سر یا قتل، قابلمجازات مرگ، دارای اهمیت حیاتی، عالی
- capital crime
- جنایت مستحق اعدام
- capital virtues
- محسنات اصلی
- a capital city
- پایتخت، شهر عمده
- Tehran is the capital of Iran.
- تهران پایتخت ایران است.
- Paris is the fashion capital of the world.
- پاریس مرکز مد جهان است.
- Any merchant needs capital.
- هر بازرگانی نیاز به سرمایه دارد.
- a capital idea
- فکری عالی
- Capital and labor must coexist.
- سرمایه دار و کارگر باید با هم سازگاری داشته باشند.
- He made capital of his enemies’ disagreement.
- او از اختلاف دشمنان خود حداکثر استفاده را برد.
1 CITY [countable] an important city where the main government of a country, state etc is
Washington D.C., the capital of the United States
► see thesaurus at city
2 MONEY [singular, uncountable] money or property, especially when it is used to start a business or to produce more wealth
The government is eager to attract foreign capital.
→ venture capital, working capital
3 LETTER [countable] a letter of the alphabet written in its large form, used for example at the beginning of someone’s name → lower case, upper case
4 CENTRE OF ACTIVITY [countable] a place that is a centre for an industry, business, or other activity
Hollywood is the capital of the movie industry.
5 → make capital from/out of something
6 BUILDING [countable] technical the top part of a column (=a long stone post used in some buildings)
2 relating to money that you use to start a business or to make more money
capital investments
cash
(Noun) (Verb - transitive) [Uncountable] پول نقد، وصول کردن، نقدکردن، دریافت کردن، صندوق پول، پول خرد
- I will pay part of the money for it in cash and the rest by installment.
- مقداری از پول آن را نقد و بقیه را قسطی میدهم.
- We’ve run out of cash.
- پولمان تمام شده است.
- to cash a check
- چکی را نقد کردن
- a cash sale
- حراج نقدی
- cash assets
- داراییهای نقدی
cash1 /kæʃ/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [uncountable]
1 money in the form of coins or notes rather than cheques, credit cards etc
Cash was taken during a burglary of the apartment.
in cash
The traffic police will accept fines in cash immediately.
The shop charges less if the customer pays in cash.
→ hard cash, petty cash► see thesaurus at money
2 money
Health and education need cash from the government.
A phone line to help children in trouble has been closed due to lack of cash.
Charity workers must constantly raise more cash (=collect more money) for the needy.
The company found itself strapped for cash (=without enough money) to pay taxes.
3 → cash down
4 → cash on delivery
change
دگرگون کردن یا شدن، دگرگونی، تغییر، پول خرد، مبادله، عوض کردن، تغییردادن، معاوضه کردن، خردکردن (پول)، تغییر کردن، عوض شدن، تبدیل کردن (ارز، پول)
عوض کردن، عوض شدن، تغییر، پول خرد
- Suddenly the weather changed.
- غفلتاً هوا دگرگون شد.
- The dollar’s rate changes constantly.
- نرخ دلار بهطورمرتب تغییر میکند.
- I don’t like change at all.
- از دگرگونی اصلاً خوشم نمیآید.
- Tehran has changed a lot.
- تهران خیلی عوض شده است.
- He changes his clothes every day.
- او هر روز لباسهای خود را عوض میکند.
- to change jobs
- شغل عوض کردن
- Her hatred changed to affection.
- تنفر او تبدیل به محبت شد.
- After his father’s death, Hossein is a changed man.
- حسین پس از فوت پدرش مرد دیگری شده است.
- Let’s change seats!
- بیا صندلیهایمان را با هم عوض کنیم!
- Would you please change this hundred-toman bill?
- آیا ممکن است لطفاً این صد تومانی را خرد کنید؟
- From Chicago to Tehran we changed planes three times.
- از شیکاگو تا تهران سه بار هواپیما عوض کردیم.
- Your car needs an oil change.
- ماشین شما نیاز به تعویض روغن دارد.
- a change of seasons
- تغییر فصلهای سال
- Sorry, I don’t have any change.
- متأسفانه پول خرد ندارم.
- They were liberal, then they changed over to conservative.
- آنان لیبرال بودند؛ ولی بعد محافظهکار شدند.
- Let’s change over–you read and I’ll write.
- بیا کار را معکوس کنیم – تو بخوان و من مینویسم.
- Being in the country made a refreshing change.
- بودن در ییلاق تنوع دلپذیری بود.
devaluations
کاهش، تنزل قیمت پول
- the frequent devaluations of the Dollar
- ارزکاهیهای مکرر دلار
de‧val‧ue /diːˈvæljuː/ verb
1 [intransitive, transitive] technical to reduce the value of one country’s money when it is exchanged for another country’s money
Nigeria has just devalued its currency.
2 [transitive] to make someone or something seem less important or valuable
History has tended to devalue the contributions of women.
—devaluation /diːˌvæljuˈeɪʃən/ noun [countable, uncountable]
the devaluation of the pound
→ See Verb table
Examples from the Corpus
devalue
• The ruble has been devalued.
• This led to a surplus of qualified workers and made it possible for their work and pay to be devalued.
• I think the use of words such as courage and bravery are over used and they have become devalued as a result.
• Britain’s pound was effectively devalued by ten percent yesterday.
• Indiscriminate use of praise devalues its power as a motivator and reward.
• They’re always trying to devalue my contribution to the department.
• It is up to politicians in a democracy to nurture faith in it, not devalue that faith.
• A real injury crisis like this can devalue the game.
• Because our culture devalues the reasons for getting married, it also has a limited view of the permanence of marriage.
devalued … currency
• There was no more devalued currency than a Conservative election promise.
precious metals
elated topics: Elements
ˌprecious ˈmetal noun [countable, uncountable]
a rare and valuable metal such as gold or silver
Examples from the Corpus
precious metal
• Watches whose cases are made wholly or mainly of precious metal.
• Not all plating was of precious metal.
• Some analysts argue that it should, since demand for the precious metal exceeds supplies.
barter/ tradeoff
- the barter system
- روش دادوستد پایاپای
- They barter food for services.
- آنان در مقابل غذا کار میکنند.
- to barter oil for machinery
- نفت را با ماشینآلات مبادله کردن
trade something ↔ off phrasal verb
to balance one situation or quality against another, in order to produce an acceptable result
for/against
Companies are under pressure to trade off price stability for short-term gains.
→ trade-off → trade→ See Verb table
Examples from the Corpus
trade off
• S. authorities in hopes of a lighter sentence is a time-honored trade - off.
• There should be no trade - off.
• Second, they demonstrate how different presidential systems produce a trade - off between the principles of democratic efficiency and democratic representation.
• The figure is a heuristic device to illustrate this trade - off in stark terms.
• Schor’s evidence is in direct contradiction to the neo - classical income / leisure trade - off model outlined above.
• Such evidence casts doubt on the validity of the income / leisure trade - off model.
• Institutions place third market orders with broker-dealers registered to trade exchange-listed securities off the exchange floor.
ˈtrade-off noun [countable]
a balance between two opposing things, that you are willing to accept in order to achieve something
a trade-off between something and something
There has to be a trade-off between quality and quantity if we want to keep prices low.
Examples from the Corpus
trade-off
• Inflation is often a trade-off for healthy economic growth.
• It is very beneficial to work for yourself, but there are trade-offs.
• Of course, there are technical and economic trade-offs associated with scale.
• You make trade-offs to stay sane.
• However, taking account of dignity requires the acceptance of any necessary trade-offs between it and other valued objectives.
• All that is certain is that trade-offs of this kind will be inevitable.
• Also the nature of the trade-offs may change over time, as may the choices of the policy-maker.
• The trade-off, as Fraser remarks, is between freedom and coherence.
a trade-off between something and something
• Happily, though, most investments offer a trade-off between risk and return.
• Longer grams have greater storage requirements too, so there is a trade-off between performance and storage.
• The payment of dividends therefore represents a trade-off between agency costs and flotation costs.
• There is a trade-off between cost and perfection.
• There may be a trade-off between price maximisation and restricting the circulation of the information memorandum.
• These rates are clearly a trade-off between economic logic and political expediency.
• This implies that a trade-off between unemployment and inflation may exist only in the very short term.
From Longman Business Dictionary
trade something ↔ off phrasal verb [transitive]
to balance two situations against each other in order to get an acceptable result
Companies are under pressure to trade off price stability for short-term gains
→ see also trade-off
→ trade→ See Verb table
ˈtrade-off noun [countable]
a balance between two situations in order to get an acceptable result
The legal restrictions will remain as a trade-off for allowing interstate investment.
