Departments (company) Flashcards
marketing
[Uncountable] (اقتصاد) بازاریابی
- They have developed marketing networks.
- آنها شبکهی بازاریابی را گسترش دادهاند.
- Who handles the marketing in your company?
- در شرکت شما چه کسی بازاریابی را در دست دارد؟
Related topics: Trade
mar‧ket‧ing /ˈmɑːkətɪŋ $ ˈmɑːr-/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun [uncountable]
the activity of deciding how to advertise a product, what price to charge for it etc, or the type of job in which you do this
a clever marketing ploy
Company sales improved dramatically following a $2 million marketing campaign.
a career in sales and marketing
Cushman is director of marketing for a chain of Italian restaurants.
the UK marketing manager
Examples from the Corpus
marketing
• To identify the complex yet crucial inter-relationships between customers and their characteristics demands sophisticated statistical and marketing knowledge.
• The reason their cars sold so well was that they had a brilliant marketing strategy.
• Ever since the World Health organisation approved an infant-formula marketing code in 1981, everyone else wants one too.
• Car safety is a hot marketing topic.
• Holbrook has a position in marketing for a large department store.
• Invariably, marketing people are more senior, and win the argument.
• In the long run, however, adroit its marketing, takeover may be the only solution.
• The business course includes classes on marketing.
• It is, of course, assumed that all other marketing factors remain constant in their impact on sales.
• The evaluation of a sales promotion is never a clear-cut matter, mainly on account of other variables in the overall marketing mix.
• My grades were excellent and I had had hands-on work experience with marketing agencies in the West End.
sales and marketing
• They were expected to build sales and marketing programs for their unit consistent with the branch strategy.
• De Luca has been replaced at Claris by Dominique Goupil, formerly sales and marketing vice president for the software unit.
• Terry knew he had to drive change in sales and marketing.
• Its sales and marketing staff is dispersed.
• The two companies will form a joint sales and marketing effort.
• Managers - sales and marketing, engineering, research and development, recruitment and personnel, dispatch.
• The majority of employees would probably be concerned with production, sales and marketing and general administration.
• It’s been a difficult time for the sales and marketing team at Thame in Oxfordshire.
From Longman Business Dictionary
mar‧ket‧ing /ˈmɑːkətɪŋˈmɑːr-/ noun [uncountable]
activities to design and sell a product or service by considering buyers’ wants or needs, for example where and how they will buy it, how much they will be willing to pay etc
They’re going to have to spend even more on sales and marketing to win customers back.
Successful innovations need to couple R&D, manufacturing, and marketing activities.
→ affiliate marketing
→ buzz marketing
→ co-operative marketing
→ corporate marketing
→ direct marketing
→ event marketing
→ global marketing
→ image marketing
→ mass marketing
→ multilevel marketing
→ niche marketing
→ permission marketing
→ relationship marketing
→ social marketing
→ stealth marketing
→ strategic marketing
sales
(Noun) (Adjective) فروش، مربوط به فروش
(Noun) (Adjective) فروشی، برای فروش، حراجی، جنس فروشی، فروش
public relations
روابط عمومی
Related topics: Advertising & marketing, Occupations
ˌpublic reˈlations noun
1 [uncountable] the work of explaining to the public what an organization does, so that they will understand it and approve of it
They ran their own successful public relations business in London.
2 [plural] the relationship between an organization and the public
The project has been disastrous for the bank in terms of public relations.
a public relations exercise (=done in order to improve the relationship between the public and an organization)
GRAMMAR: Singular or plural verb?
• In meaning 1, public relations is followed by a singular verb:
Public relations is an interesting field to work in.
• In meaning 2, public relations is followed by a plural verb:
Our public relations are handled by Lisa Holden.
Examples from the Corpus
public relations
• Examiner contributor Nancy Fox is a public relations consultant, educator and composer.
• a public relations firm
• Priorities concern improved membership services, relationships with other bodies, public relations, Hospitality magazine and staff training.
• Regionals use a lot of material originated by public relations, sometimes in the form in which it was sent.
• Messer admits that clear-cutting forests is bad for public relations.
• He had been a lieutenant colonel in public relations in Baltimore.
• Much of the talk about integrating international issues into the curriculum is public relations gibberish.
• Miss Owada is thought to have held out for one concession: relatively open public relations.
• The public relations boys had to work overtime again.
public relations exercise
• Newcastle manager Kevin Keegan looked upon the tournament as a public relations exercise rather than a moneymaking venture.
• It has been a public relations exercise for this week’s by-elections.
• Mr Lang was accused of merely carrying out a public relations exercise, however.
• In some sense this is no more than a public relations exercise, albeit a difficult one.
• The District Council undertook a public relations exercise to monitor developers’ proposals which came in a series of stages.
• The Support Force was launched in September 1992 by the DoH in a disastrous public relations exercise.
• Thus the Sizewell inquiry is little more than an expensive public relations exercise.
• The tour was considered to have been a successful public relations exercise.
From Longman Business Dictionary
ˌpublic reˈlations noun
1 abbreviation PR [uncountable] the work of explaining to the public what an organization does, so that they will understand it and approve of it
They hired a public relations company.
We decided to launch a public-relations campaign, including newspaper ads and subway posters.
2[plural] the relationship between an organization and the public
The project has been disastrous for the bank in terms of public relations.
telemarketing
Related topics: Telephone, telegraph, Advertising & marketing
tel‧e‧mar‧ket‧ing /ˌteliˈmɑːkətɪŋ $ -ˈmɑːr-/ noun [uncountable]
a way of selling products to people in which you telephone people to see if they want to buy something
From Longman Business Dictionary
tel‧e‧mar‧ket‧ing /ˌteliˈmɑːkətɪŋ-ˈmɑːr-/ noun [uncountable]
the practice of telephoning people in order to sell things
The software will be used in growing applications such as telemarketing and customer service.
→ inbound telemarketing
(کاربرد تلفن در بازاریابی و فروش) بازاریابی از راه دور، داد و ستد تلفنی
head office
ˌhead ˈoffice noun
[countable] the main office of a company
Examples from the Corpus
head office
• By Monday, he was back at head office orchestrating the move.
• Or you can reach us at head office on Darlington 381313.
• But there were far too few new faces, and far too many head office honchos.
• The protocol at Ingard House was far more elaborate than at the head office of the bank.
• These offshore branches can not close or fail while the head office remains open.
From Longman Business Dictionary
ˌhead ˈoffice (also main office)
1[countable, uncountable] the main office of a company
There is a customer liaison department at head office.
New York used to house the main offices of hundreds of top companies.
2[uncountable] the managers who work at the main office of a company
Most of the important decisions are made by head office.
→ office
accounting
Related topics: Finance
ac‧coun‧ting /əˈkaʊntɪŋ/ ●●○ noun [uncountable]
accountancy
Examples from the Corpus
accounting
• Accounting Theory Accounting theory is conventionally concerned with financial accounting, i.e. with accounting to external providers of finance.
• However, these have been excluded, pending the results of a fundamental review of capital accounting.
• In order to deal with the problems of budgeting for this it is necessary to know something of company financial and cost accounting.
• Trial balance to facilitate hotel accounting. 11.
• It should be recognised that we are still in the early days of case-mix accounting.
• Academic, or theoretical, discourse is not privileged but is instead a form of accounting which uses abstraction to illuminate.
• It refers to the method of accounting which reports in terms of funds rather than in terms of organizations.
• In spite of accounting for only 0.2 percent of a beer’s cost, this is naturally felt to be wasteful and undesirable.
From Longman Business Dictionary
ac‧coun‧ting /əˈkaʊntɪŋ/ noun [uncountable]
1the usual word for the profession of accountancy in the US
2 the work of keeping a company’s financial records, recording its income and expenses, and its business deals
traditional methods of accounting
The 1985 Companies Act requires companies to keep accounting records.
→ accrual accounting
→ budgetary accounting
→ cash accounting
→ cost accounting
→ creative accounting
→ current cost accounting
→ equity accounting
→ false accounting
→ financial accounting
→ forensic accounting
→ inflation accounting
→ social accounting
→ tax accounting
[Uncountable] حسابداری
(Noun) [Uncountable] حسابداری، اصول حسابداری، برسی اصل و فرع
- the principles of accounting
- اصول حسابداری
legal
le‧gal /ˈliːɡəl/ ●●● S2 W1 AWL adjective
1 if something is legal, you are allowed to do it or have to do it by law OPP illegal
What the company has done is perfectly legal.
plans to make the carrying of identity cards a legal requirement
He had twice the legal limit of alcohol in his bloodstream.
a pressure group that is campaigning to make cannabis legal
2 [only before noun] concerned with or relating to the law
free legal advice
a costly legal dispute
the Scottish legal system
the legal profession (=lawyers)
3 → legal action/proceedings
Examples from the Corpus
legal
• This trade in foreign currency is perfectly legal.
• Office betting pools are not legal.
• Some relatives are now considering legal action.
• Mr Wade hid his legal acumen behind a cigar-chewing country-boy manner and a thick East Texas drawl.
• People on low salaries can get free legal advice.
• He has refused, arguing that a definitive legal answer would split the country irrevocably.
• Mitchell won a $700 legal award against her ex-landlord.
• a long legal battle
• Neither side wanted a long and expensive legal battle.
• the legal duties of a parent
• The school board has the same legal duty to bargain in good faith as the union does.
• The American government does not pay the legal fees of Americans who are arrested abroad.
• Divorce finally became legal in 1992.
• The alcohol content of his blood was three times over the legal limit.
• She now become the legal owner of the land.
• The legal procedures may be improved, but they are bound to remain vulnerable to an erroneous police case.
• The clerk to the court will reject any document that does not meet the legal requirements.
• Consumers have the legal right to demand their money back if a product is faulty.
• Some markets, and many fairs, were important and regular activities without any apparent legal status.
• the legal system
• In Maastricht, Dutch Guilders, Deutschmarks and Belgian Francs are all considered legal tender.
• The legal title to freehold or leasehold premises can only be held by a maximum of four persons.
legal limit
• Company officials insist that emissions from the combustion of the tyres will not remain within legal limits.
• Fines for speeding range from $ 57. 60 to $ 360, depending on how much drivers exceed the legal limits.
• Male speaker Most of the tyres we change are worn to the legal limit.
• There was no apparent reason to administer the drug, although the quantities involved were not above the legal limits.
• An autopsy revealed alcohol in his blood above the legal limit in Oregon.
• The legal limit in Washington is. 10.
• The legal limit is. 08 and his blood alcohol was. 09.
• Ferguson, who was more than twice over the legal limit, pleaded guilty and was ordered to pay £25 prosecution costs.
legal advice
• From the beginning of this century there was a growing awareness of the need for legal advice.
• The decisions taken are taken on legal advice.
• The following notes should not, therefore, be relied upon as a substitute for detailed legal advice.
• You also get free legal advice and help with insurance claims.
• He claimed he should have sought legal advice before wrongfully using tax-exempt foundations to finance a televised college course.
• As he left court he said only that he would be seeking legal advice on a compensation claim.
• In his spare time, Grigsby gave legal advice to the Black Panthers.
From Longman Business Dictionary
le‧gal /ˈliːgəl/ adjective [only before a noun]
1relating to or involving the law
It would be impossible to get control of the company without a long legal fight.
the country’s legal system (=courts, lawyers, judges etc)
reliable legal advice
2allowed, ordered, or approved by the law
The legal speed limit is 30 mph.
The court decided that the transfer of pension funds is legal, but ex-workers are launching an appeal.
Origin legal (1400-1500) French Latin legalis, from lex “law”
sanitation / janitorial
مراعات اصول بهداشت، بهسازی، سیستم تخلیه فاضلاب
payroll
لیست حقوق، صورت پرداخت
(Noun) سیاهه پرداخت، لیست حقوق
Related topics: Wages, Companies
pay‧roll /ˈpeɪrəʊl $ -roʊl/ noun
1 → on the payroll
2 [uncountable] the activity of managing salary payments for workers in a company
the payroll department
a computerized payroll system
3 [countable, uncountable] the total amount of wages paid to all the people working in a particular company or industry
the annual payroll was $88 million
Examples from the Corpus
payroll
• The 21-day partial shutdown of government that ended last week delayed jobless claims and payroll reports.
• If you have even a few employees, payroll taxes mount quickly.
• They also had the two highest payrolls in the league at roughly $ 50 million each.
• Computervision Corp is cutting another 700 jobs to take its payroll to 5,000.
• The financial administrative functions include budgeting, accounts payable, accounts receivable, general ledger, payroll and personnel.
• Suddenly I was spending more time managing my payroll than I was helping my clients.
• A link with the payroll files was soon established.
• Under the programme employers would be required to invest at least 0.5 percent of their payroll in training.
From Longman Business Dictionary
pay‧roll /ˈpeɪrəʊl-roʊl/ noun
1[countable, uncountable] the total amount of wages paid to all the people working in a particular company or industry
The company has cut its total payroll by 7% since the merger.
More than half the state budget goes to payroll and only 11% to public works.
2[uncountable] the activity of managing wage and salary payments for employees
The Human Resources Department is responsible for payroll administration.
3be on the payroll to be employed by a particular company
Under the plan, every employee on the payroll can buy 100 shares at $127.25 each.
Exercises
More results payroll tax on the payroll See all results Pictures of the day What are these? Image of harmonica Image of tuba Click on the pictures to check. Explore topics Microbes, genetics, biochem Oceanography Physics Utensils See all topics Word of the day distraught so upset and worried that you cannot think clearly
division
Related topics: Numbers, Companies, Army, Sport, Parliaments, Voting
di‧vi‧sion /dəˈvɪʒən/ ●●● S3 W1 noun
1 SEPARATING [countable, uncountable] the act of separating something into two or more different parts, or the way these parts are separated or shared
division of something between/among/into something
the division of words into syllables
the traditional division of labour (=the way that particular tasks are shared) between husband and wife
2 DISAGREEMENT [countable, uncountable] disagreement among the members of a group that makes them form smaller opposing groups
division between/within/among something
Can he heal the deep divisions among Republican ranks?
racial/class/gender etc division
The old class divisions had begun to break down.
The Army was plagued by internal divisions.
3 MATHEMATICS [uncountable] the process of finding out how many times one number is contained in another → multiplication, long division
4 PART OF AN ORGANIZATION [countable] a group that does a particular job within a large organization
the Computer Services Division
5 MILITARY [countable] a large military group
a tank division
6 SPORT [countable] one of the groups of teams that a sports competition is divided into, often based on the number of games they have won
the Premier/First/Second/Third/Fourth Division
a second-division club
7 IN PARLIAMENT [countable] a process in which members of the British parliament vote for something by dividing into groups
MPs forced a division on the bill.
Some members supported the opposition in the division lobbies (=the rooms where the vote takes place).
Examples from the Corpus
division
• I work in the administration division as a mail mover.
• The company’s Credit Data Division is based in Orange County.
• There was a deep division in the Republican Party over policy on Central America.
• Indeed, there is little differentiation by class at all in domestic divisions of labour.
• The entire division of 18,000 troops will be home in about a month.
• But he is giving no clues at present as to the composition of his full back line and forward division.
• There are signs of growing division within the administration about the best strategy to adopt.
• The housebuilding division is already being wound down.
• the Japanese division of American Express
• The sales and advertising departments are both part of the marketing division.
• To me, this club is as good as any team in our division.
• The Warriors are currently first in the Pacific division.
regional
منطقهای
- We must allow local needs to take precedence over regional.
- باید بگذاریم نیازهای محلی بر نیازهای منطقهای ارجحیت داشته باشد.
- regional problems as well as those of the capital
- مسائل شهرستانها و همچنین مسائل پایتخت
- a regional turn of speech
- لهجهی محلی
- the regional government
- دولت محلی
re‧gion‧al /ˈriːdʒənəl/ ●●● S1 W2 AWL adjective [usually before noun]
relating to a particular region or area → local
local and regional government
regional variations in farming practice
a slight regional accent
—regionally adverb
goods sold locally and regionally
Examples from the Corpus
regional
• The findings are likely to generate important implications in terms of competitiveness, regional and labour market impact and regulatory policy.
• Ethnic, religious, class, regional and national antipathies have all been known to find expression through football and football support.
• They were to be based on existing regional and other colleges already substantially engaged in higher education.
• Nuclear programs are a threat to regional and world peace.
• There is also a regional dimension to this problem.
• Ian Vickers, 33, becomes regional planner and Patrick Boyle, 24, has been appointed design and build manager.
• In a short period of rapid theoretical development the emergent core of regional planning principles and practices strengthened considerably.
• A stream of regional studies followed throughout the 1960s and into the 1970s.
From Longman Business Dictionary
re‧gion‧al /ˈriːdʒənəl/ adjective
connected with a particular region
one of the largest regional building societies in the UK
a tour of the regional offices
regional transport services
headquarters
دفتر مرکزی، مرکز فرماندهی کل، اداره مرکزی، اداره کل
- The company’s headquarters is in New York.
- دفتر مرکزی شرکت در نیویورک است.
Related topics: Offices, Military
head‧quar‧ters /ˈhedˌkwɔːtəz, ˌhedˈkwɔːtəz $ -ɔːrtərz/ ●●○ W3 noun (plural headquarters) [countable] (abbreviation HQ)
1 the main building or offices used by a large company or organization
the headquarters of the United Nations
2 the place from which military operations are controlled
Examples from the Corpus
headquarters
• The army headquarters is on the other side of the square, in a former colonial mansion.
• Employees on their way into work at Hasbro headquarters Thursday morning said they opposed a merger.
• He had made his headquarters in what had been the presidential suite of the Hilton hotel.
• It first branched out into cosmetics and perfumes in 1990 and in 1994 moved its headquarters for those businesses to New York.
• The London headquarters now moved to stylish new premises at 143, Charing Cross Road.
• Budapest Week will move over the river to the red-light district in Budapest, where Duna’s headquarters are situated.
• Their headquarters is rich in symbolism.
From Longman Business Dictionary
head‧quar‧ters /ˈhedˌkwɔːtəz, ˌhedˈkwɔːtəz-ɔːrtərz/ noun [plural]
the head office or main building of an organization
The company moved its corporate headquarters to Houston.
