Module part 2 Chemical composition Flashcards
Biochemistry of an organism (3)
Cells are based mainly on ____
Life depends largely on chemical reactions in ____ because organisms are about ___ water
Cells have a ___
Carbon Compound
Aqueous Solution
70% Water
Complex Chemistry
Dude:
Involved in Medical Chemistry
Jan Baptist van Helmont
Dude:
Chemical composition of plant and animal materials and various drugs
Karl Wilhelm Scheele
Dude:
Characterized the chemical composition of air and studied the process of oxidation
Father of Modern Biochemistry
Antoine Lavoisier
Dude:
German Biochemist who did extensive work characterizing carbohydrates, amino acids, and fats
Hermann Emil Fisher
Dude:
Discovered Nucleic Acids
Friedrich Miescher
Dude:
Discovered liver ___ and showed its relation to blood sugar in health and disease.
Also evaluated the digestive properties of ____ juice
Glycogen
Pancreatic Juice
Claude Bernard
Dude:
Development of the concept of pH
Soren Sorensen
Dude:
Development of ultracentrifuge
Theodore Svedberg
Dude:
Electrophoresis apparatus and Chromatography
Arne W.K. Tiselius
Most abundant Element in the Human Body
Hydrogen
Types of Chemical bonds (4)
Metal atom ____ electrons to nonmetal atom
Two___ atoms share Electrons
Hydrogen attracts an ____ atom Electrostatically
____ attract conducting electrons
Ionic Bond
loses
Covalent Bond
nonmetal
Hydrogen Bond
Electronegative
Metallic Bond
Positive metal ions
Attractions/Forces that attract molecules together that arent chemically bonded
Van der Waals Force
Attracting between Like molecules
Attraction between unlike molecules
Cohesion
Adhesion
Elements most commonly used to make the components of an organism (6)
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon
Phosphorous
Sulfur
Subunits of the ff:
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Polysaccharide
Nucleotide
Amino acids
Simple Sugars
Acetyl CoA
Colors of a typical conventional coding of atoms
Hydrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
Nitrogen
White
Black
Red
Blue
Lipids:
A ____ is composed of a ___ hydrocarbon tail to which is attached a ___ group.
In an aqueous environment, the tails of these ___ would pack together to exclude water to form a bilayer. They are the basis of cell membranes.
Fatty Acid
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic Carboxylic Acid
Phospholipids
Amino Acid/Protein:
In the cell, where the pH is close to __, the free amino acid exists in its ___ but when incorporated into a Polypeptide chain, the charges disappear
7
Ionized
Amino Acid/Protein:
Sequence read from the N-terminal end
Phe
Ser
Glu
Lys
Nucleic Acid:
Structure of sugar of DNA vs RNA
Structure of strand of DNA vs RNA
Nucleobases of DNA vs RNA
Ribose has an extra OH at the bottom compared to Deoxyribose
DNA is usually Double-Stranded
RNA is usually Single-Stranded
DNA has base pairs
RNA only has one nucleobase
When the noncovalent bonds of a conformation are disrupted, the molecule becomes a flexible chain of no value, that is why MOST proteins and many RNA molecules ____
fold into only one stable conformation
Most cells are ___ and ___
70% water
30% chemicals
Composition of the 30% of chemicals in a typical bacteria cell
