Cardiovascular Physiology Part 1

Question 1

What are the functions of the Cardiovascular System (3)

_____
Supplying the tissue and cells of the organism by the needed oxygen and nutrient molecules. Getting rid of carbon dioxide

_____
> Transports ____ from the ____
> Includes body temperature

_____
> Against injury and foreign ____ or ____ introduced into the body
> Example (2):

Answer 1

Transportation

Regulation
> Regulatory Hormones
> Endocrine Glands

Protection
> Microbes or Toxins
> Example: Platelets, WBC

Question 2

Types of Circulatory System Architecture/Types of Circulatory System (2)

Answer 2

Open Circulatory System

Closed Circulatory System

Question 3

Open Circulatory system:

Parts in a grasshopper (4):

Thing surrounding the organs:

Answer 3

Parts:
Anterior vessel

Lateral vessels

Ostia

Tubular Heart

Thing surrounding the organs:
Hemolymph

Question 4

Closed circulatory system:

Parts of a worm (3)

System (3)

Answer 4

Parts:
Dorsal Vessel (main heart)

Auxillary Hearts

Ventral vessels

Question 5

Simple animals consisting of a single cell layer such as the ____ or only a few cell layers like the ____ DO NOT HAVE a circulatory system.

Gases, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged by ____.

Answer 5

Sponge

Jellyfish

Diffusion

Question 6

Three basic components of the cardiovascular system:

_____
Pumping organ of the system

_____
Containers through which the circulation occurs

_____
Transport medium of the circulation

Answer 6

Heart

Blood Vessels

Blood

Question 7

The heart:

Shape of the organ:

Size of the organ:

Weighs between: ___ to ___

It is located in the ____, the center of the chest

Answer 7

Shape of the organ:
Cone-shaped organ

Size of the organ:
Loose fist

Weighs between: 250 to 350 grams

It is located in the mediastinum

Question 8

The heart is bordered:

Laterally (the side) by the ____

Anterior (front) to the ____

Posterior (behind) to the ____

Rests on the ____ inferiorly (bottom/away from the head)

Answer 8

Laterally by the lungs

Anterior to the vertebral column

Posterior to the sternum

Rests on the diaphragm inferiorly

Question 9

The heart is slightly ___ to the midline

It starts at the ___ rib to the ___ rib

_____ Location at which the cardiac impulse can be best palpated

Answer 9

Left side

Second rib
Sixth rib

Point of Maximal Impulse (PMI)

Question 10

Coverings of the Heart:

_____
1) Protect the heart
2) Anchors it to the surrounding structure
3) Prevents overfilling the heart with blood

Answer 10

Fibrous pericardium

Question 11

Three layers of the wall of the heart:

Answer 11

Epicardium

Myocardium

Endocardium