Module 9: Gestational Diabetes

Question 1

If a woman had preexisting diabetes, her HbA1C levels should ideally be near ________ by _______ mos prior to conception.

Answer 1

normal, 1 - 2

Question 2

T/F: Changing hormones during pregnancy can cause blood glucose levels to fluctuate.

Answer 2

T

Question 3

Women with preexisting diabetes may have lower insulin requirements in the first trimester, but may need more insulin in the _____ and ______ trimesters.

Answer 3

second, third

Question 4

T/F: Pregnancy hormones cause insulin resistance.

Answer 4

T

Question 5

Gestational DM (GDM) occurs during ____________, for one who has NOT previously had diabetes.

Answer 5

pregnancy

Question 6

Gestational DM (GDM) usually develops during the ________ _______ of the pregnancy when the ___________ produces insulin antagonistic hormones.

Answer 6

last half, placenta

Question 7

GDM occurs due to increased hepatic ____________ production and decreased _____________ sensitivity.

Answer 7

glucose, insulin

Question 8

______glycemia + __________ resistance —-> GDM

Answer 8

hyper, insulin

Question 9

• Older age at pregnancy
• Overweight or obese women
• Women w/excessive wt gain during pregnancy
• Women w/family hx of DM

Are all at risk for what?

Answer 9

Developing GDM

Question 10

Fetal macrosomia = ______ baby

A _____-term risk factor for the fetus when the fetus produces more _________ to handle mom’s continuously high ______ _______ levels.

Insulin is a ________ hormone and the fetus converts that extra glucose to _________.

Answer 10

big, short, insulin, blood glucose

anabolic, fat

Question 11

Fetal hypoglycemia is a _______-term risk factor when mom’s BG is consistently high and after delivery, the baby doesn’t have BG but is still making high levels of circulating _________.

Answer 11

short, insulin

Question 12

Long-term risks to the fetus due to GDM include increased risk for overweight and ___________ later in life, and higher rates of pre-diabetes and Type _____ DM later in life.

Answer 12

obesity, 2

Question 13

A long-term risk for the mother with GDM is increased risk of developing Type _____ DM later down the road (5 -10 yrs).

Answer 13

2

Question 14

T/F: If a mother had GDM before, she is at risk for getting it again when she becomes pregant again.

Answer 14

T

Question 15

Preeclampsia is a ______-term risk for the mother who had GDM.

It’s a conditions of high blood ___________ and _______ in the urine.

Answer 15

short, pressure, protein

Question 16

HTN (hypertension), DVT’s (deep venous thrombosis blood clots), poor wound healing, increased labor time, and surgical deliveries and excessive blood loss are all ________-term risk to the __________ with GDM.

Answer 16

short, mother

Question 17

Women should be screened for any existing Type ______ DM at the very 1st prenatal visit.

They are tested by an oral _________ tolerance test (OGTT) at ________ wks gestation.

Answer 17

2, glucose, 24 - 28

Question 18

The OGTT consists of giving _______ g of glucose orally after an _____-hr overnight fast.

Answer 18

75, 8

Question 19

OGTT result of: Fasting glucose ≥ 92 mg/dl

indicates dx of what?

Answer 19

GDM

Question 20

OGTT result of: At 1 hr glucose ≥ ______ mg/dl indicates dx of GDM.

Answer 20

180

Question 21

OGTT result of: At ___ hrs glucose ≥ 153 mg/dl indicates dx of GDM.

Answer 21

2

Question 22

MNT goals for GDM are near _______ blood glucose levels without _________.

Answer 22

normal, hypoglycemia

Question 23

What is the HbA1C target in pregancy?

Answer 23

< 6%

Question 24

~ ___________ % of Kcal from CHO should be consumed during pregnancy.

Answer 24

40 - 45

Question 25

What is the MINIMUM CHO amt (g/day) that should be consumed during pregnancy?

Answer 25

175

Question 26

In GDM, insulin needs may _______ during pregnancy.

Answer 26

increase