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Nutrition > Module 9 - Cardiovascular Disease > Flashcards

Module 9 - Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is a primary characteristic of atherosclerosis?

a.	 narrowing of arterial vessels due to plaque buildup

b.	 weakness of blood vessels

c.	 cholesterol buildup in the bloodstream

d.	 abnormal heart rate
A

narrowing of arterial vessels due to plaque buildup

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2
Q

Which of the following can cause atherosclerosis?

a.	 liver disease

b.	 periodontal disease

c.	 reflux disease

d.	 irritable bowel syndrome
A

b.
periodontal disease

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3
Q

Which of the following are risk factors for cardiovascular disease? Select all that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Obesity

b.	 Inactivity

c.	 Smoking

d.	 Low blood pressure

e.	 High LDL cholesterol

f.	 Diabetes

g.	 Female in reproductive years
A

a.
Obesity

b.	 Inactivity

c.	 Smoking

e.
High LDL cholesterol

f.
Diabetes

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4
Q

What can damage the blood vessels and lead to atherosclerosis?

a.	 hypotension

b.	 hypoglycemia

c.	 smoking

d.	 exercise
A

d.
exercise

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5
Q

What is the most important nutrient for lowering LDL on the food label to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease?

a.	 Lowest amount of total fat

b.	 Lowest amount of saturated fat

c.	 Lowest amount of dietary cholesterol

d.	 Lowest amount of sodium
A

b.
Lowest amount of saturated fat

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6
Q

This recipe for Keto Coconut Shrimp calls for air-frying the shrimp for a crispy, lower fat alterntive. The nutrition facts were provided following this air-frier method. If a person with coronary heart disease would eat all six shrimp, would this be a good choice?

A

No, because the saturated fat would be 12 grams eating all six shrimp

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7
Q

Which of the following are ways to reduce the risk of heart disease? Select all that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Exercise

b.	 Avoid stanols and sterols

c.	 Good intake of B-vitamins

d.	 Good intake of antioxidant nutrients

e.	 Decrease sodium intake

f.	 Avoid alcohol
A

a.
Exercise

c.	 Good intake of B-vitamins

d.	 Good intake of antioxidant nutrients

e
Decrease sodium intake

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8
Q

What health problem is most commonly associated with a diet high in saturated fat?

a.	 high LDL cholesterol

b.	 high blood pressure

c.	 high blood sugars

d.	 high ammonia
A

high LDL cholesterol

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9
Q

You have been hired to help sandwich shop owner revise his “dinner specials” so they can be labeled “heart healthy.” One popular “special” offers a 3 oz. cut of grilled salmon on a whole grain bun; and a salad that includes 1/2 tomato, lettuce leaf, and 1/2 Tbsp. blue cheese dressing. Which of the following would be the most effective revision to recommend for a heart health label?

a.	 add cheese to the salad

b.	 substitute olive oil for the salad dressing

c.	 offer chicken breast instead of salmon

d.	 eliminate the bun
A

substitute olive oil for the salad dressing

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10
Q

Which cooking oils would be best for a client with atherosclerosis?

Select ALL that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Safflower oil

b.	 Sunflower oil

c.	 Coconut oil

d.	 Corn oil

e.	 Canola oil
A

a.
Safflower oil

b.	 Sunflower oil

Corn oil

e.	 Canola oil
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11
Q

Which of the following statements suggests accurate recall of the diet instruction for lowering LDL (cholesterol) levels?

a.	 "I should increase my alcohol consumption to raise my HDL".

b.	 "I must eliminate red meat from my diet".

c.	 "I must reduce my carbohydrate intake".

d.	 "I should eat unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat foods".
A

d.
“I should eat unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat foods

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12
Q

Select all of the ways that exercise helps with cardiovascular disease.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Helps with weight loss

b.	 Lowers blood pressure

c.	 Lowers HDL cholesterol

d.	 Improves insulin sensitivity

e.	 Strengthens the heart
A

a.
Helps with weight loss

b.	 Lowers blood pressure

d.
Improves insulin sensitivity

e.	 Strengthens the heart
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13
Q

Which of the following are potential serious consequences of CHF? Select ALL that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Loss of bone mass

b.	 Organ failure

c.	 Malnutrition

d.	 Hemorrhagic stroke

e.	 Pulmonary edema

f.	 Respiratory infections

g.	 Weight gain
A

b.
Organ failure

c.	 Malnutrition

e.
Pulmonary edema

f.	 Respiratory infections
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14
Q

Which of the following meals is lowest in sodium for someone with CHF to consume?

a.	 pancakes, sausage, and orange juice

b.	 chicken breast, baked potato, and spinach

c.	 spaghetti with tomato sauce, carrots, and dinner roll

d.	 cheeseburger on a bun with lettuce, tomato and ketchup, and milkshake
A

chicken breast, baked potato, and spinach

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15
Q

What is the main characteristic of congestive heart failure?

a.	 a clot in the heart

b.	 cell damage to the heart arteries

c.	 inability of the heart to pump enough blood

d.	 narrowing of the arterial walls
A

inability of the heart to pump enough blood

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16
Q

What is a symptom of CHF?

a.	 fluid retention

b.	 rapid weight loss

c.	 excessive thirst

d.	 chest pain
A

.
fluid retention

17
Q

What are common distinct symptoms of stroke?

a.	 fatigue and chest pains

b.	 nausea and vomiting

c.	 drooping face and slurred speech

d.	 dizziness and passing out
A

c.
drooping face and slurred speech

18
Q

What is a likely complication after a stroke, which can interfere with nutrition status?

a.	 Rapid weight loss

b.	 Malabsorption

c.	 Food aversions

d.	 Dysphagia
A

Dysphagia

19
Q

Prior to feeding someone after a stroke, the health care professional should assess the client for:

a.	 food intolerance.

b.	 salt sensitivity.

c.	 swallowing ability.

d.	 hydration status
A

swallowing ability.

20
Q

The recommended maximum daily sodium intake for a person with hypertension is:

a.	 1,000mg

b.	 1,500mg

c.	 2,500mg

d.	 3,000mg
A

1,500mg

21
Q

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing hypertension?

a.	 underweight

b.	 Caucasian race

c.	 low dietary intake of potassium

d.	 high dietary intake of calcium
A

low dietary intake of potassium

22
Q

What is included in a DASH diet?

a.	 Less dairy products

b.	 more fruits and vegetables

c.	 restrict fatty fish

d.	 avoidance of animal products
A

more fruits and vegetables

23
Q

What is a likely complication of uncontrolled high blood pressure?

a.	 kidney disease

b.	 diabetes

c.	 cancer

d.	 gallstones
A

kidney disease

24
Q

What lifestyle modifications are known to help reduce high blood pressure?

Select ALL that apply

[mark all correct answers]
a.
lowering body weight

b.	 decreasing sodium intake

c.	 increasing potassium intake

d.	 reducing calcium intake

e.	 including moderate alcohol in the diet

f.	 including daily physical activity
A

owering body weight

b.	 decreasing sodium intake

c.	 increasing potassium intake

f.
including daily physical activity

Nutrition (21 decks)

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