Module 2 Protein Flashcards
What determines the shape and function of the protein?
a. the number of the amino acids in the protein strand b. the order/sequence of the amino acids in the protein strand c. how much of each amino acid is consumed in the diet d. the amount of nitrogen available for producing amino acids
the order/sequence of the amino acids in the protein strand
In considering amino acids and proteins, which statement is true?
a. Proteins and amino acids are the same things. b. Amino acids are made of many proteins. c. Proteins are made of many amino acids.
Proteins are made of many amino acids
How do proteins differ from other energy nutrients?
a. glycerol backbone b. phosphorous group c. nitrogen d. extra carbons
nitrogen
If the shape of a protein is changed, the _____ of the protein is changed.
a. size b. function c. electrical charge d. nutritional value
function
what can be synthesized by the body
non-essential amino acids
what needs to be obtained from the diet in certain situations when they cannot be synthesized by the body
conditionally essential amino acids
What cannot be synthesized by the body and need to be obtained from the diet
essential amino acids
Which of the following are examples of proteins in the body? Select all that apply
[mark all correct answers]
a.
Enzymes
b. Albumin c. Collagen d. Keratin e. Insulin
a.
Enzymes
b. Albumin c. Collagen d. Keratin e. Insulin
What is a primary function of amino acids?
a. Build proteins needed by the body. b. Provide essential water-soluble vitamins. c. Produce thyroxin and insulin. d. Supply most of the kcalories required by the body
Build proteins needed by the body
When nitrogen is stripped from amino acids during digestion, what is produced?
a. Fatty acids b. Urea c. Ammonia d. Polypeptide
Ammonia
What is an example of denaturing?
a. Dough rising when it rests. b. Crystals forming on meat when it is frozen. c. The odor when milk has spoiled. d. Hardening of an egg when it is cooked.
Hardening of an egg when it is cooked
A friend says she wants to take enzyme supplements to help heal her sprained ankle. What is the best response to her?
a. Enzymes are found naturally in the foods you eat, and supplements will not help any more than those in foods. b. Enzymes are protein which must be broken down into amino acids in order to be absorbed and sent to the ankle. The enzyme would no longer be active once broken down. c. Supplements are artificial and would likely deteriorate the lining of the intestinal tract. d. The enzymes need to be a specific type of enzyme that builds and heals muscle tissue that has been torn.
Enzymes are protein which must be broken down into amino acids in order to be absorbed and sent to the ankle. The enzyme would no longer be active once broken down.
What is the action of hydrochloric acid in the stomach on protein?
a. denaturation b. a condensation reaction c. decreased enzyme activity d. an increase in alkalinity
denaturation
is when consumption is less than excretion.
Negative nitrogen balance
is when consumption equals excretion
Nitrogen balance
is when consumption is greater than excretion.
Positive nitrogen balance
What is likely to occur in a person who has been hospitalized for wasting syndrome secondary to cancer?
a. zero nitrogen balance b. negative nitrogen balance c. normal nitrogen balance d. positive nitrogen balance
negative nitrogen balance
If a hospitalized patient is in negative nitrogen balance, how would we ensure “protein sparing” so the protein consumed is not used for energy?
a. Adequate calories from carbohydrates and fat. b. Low carbohydrate to promote ketone production. c. Adequate fiber in the diet. d. Low-fat diet
Adequate calories from carbohydrates and fat
What is an example of someone in positive nitrogen balance?
a. An adolescent with anorexia nervosa. b. A teenager going through a growth spurt. c. An elderly person confined to bed. d. An obese person with diabetes
A teenager going through a growth spurt
Calculate the protein RDA recommendation for an individual who weighs 175 pounds. Round the grams of protein to the nearest whole number.
a. 54 grams protein b. 60 grams protein c. 64 grams protein d. 79 grams protein
64 grams protein
Some populations need more protein than 0.8 g per kg per day.
True False
true
Which of the following foods are considered complete proteins?
Select ALL that apply.
[mark all correct answers]
a.
Cheese
b. Tofu c. Nuts d. Eggs e. Chicken f. Beans
a.
Cheese
b. Tofu
d.
Eggs
e. Chicken
What is an example of complementary proteins?
a. Coffee with non-dairy creamer b. Almonds and dried fruit c. Corn and butter d. Peanut butter and crackers
d.
Peanut butter and crackers
Which foods are considered complete protein foods?
Select ALL that apply.
[mark all correct answers]
a.
citrus fruits
b. walnuts c. yogurt d. whole-grain bread e. steak f. soybeans g. eggs h. baked potato i. salmon
yogurt
steak
soybeans
eggs
salmon
What is the best way for a vegetarian to get adequate protein?
a. Consume protein shakes daily b. Eat meat at least once a week c. Drink almond milk several times per day d. Consume a variety of complementary protein sources throughout the day
Consume a variety of complementary protein sources throughout the day
In consuming a high protein diet, why would someone need to consume more water?
a. Due to the high amounts of saturated fat that accompany the protein b. Due to the deamination of nitrogen, excess ammonia must be excreted. c. Due to the complex nature of protein structure. d. Due to the high amount of calories needing to be metabolized.
Due to the deamination of nitrogen, excess ammonia must be excreted
What is the biggest concern with consuming a very high protein diet?
a. High saturated fat intake b. Kidney damage c. Excess muscle growth d. High risk of autoimmune diseases
High saturated fat intake
What is likely to occur when a person consumes protein shakes and protein bars between meals to enhance their workouts?
a. Weight loss b. Liver damage c. Malnutrition d. Weight gain
weight gain
