Module 5 Older Adults

Question 1

Which of the following are physiological changes that occur with age, which can increase the risk of malnutrition and disease? Choose all that apply

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Bone loss

b.	 Decreased saliva production

c.	 Increased stomach acid production

d.	 Sarcopenia (loss of muscle)

e.	 Loss of belly fat

f.	 Decrease in body water

Answer 1

a.
Bone loss

b.
Decreased saliva production

d.
Sarcopenia (loss of muscle)

f.
Decrease in body water

Question 2

Which nutrient is increasingly important with age to prevent sarcopenia?

a.	 Essential fatty acids

b.	 Potassium

c.	 Protein

d.	 Calcium

Answer 2

protein

Question 3

Elderly people are encouraged to focus on getting adequate intake of:

a.	 raw, leafy vegetables

b.	 lean protein

c.	 soy products

d.	 GMO-free whole grains

Answer 3

lean protein

Question 4

An older person with tooth pain and tooth loss may have difficulty consuming enough:

a.	 Carbohydrate

b.	 Vitamin C

c.	 Calcium

d.	 Protein

Answer 4

d.
Protein

Question 5

Which of the following strategies can help prevent dementia or Alzheimer’s disease? Select all that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Maintain a healthy body weight

b.	 Regular exercise

c.	 Avoid smoking

d.	 Supplementation with antioxidant nutrients

e.	 Keto diet

f.	 Maintain healthy blood pressure

Answer 5

a.
Maintain a healthy body weight

b.	 Regular exercise

c.	 Avoid smoking

f.
Maintain healthy blood pressure

Question 6

Which of the following contribute to the high risk of malnutrition among older adults? Choose all that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Taking multiple medications

b.	 Nutrient needs increase with age

c.	 Reduced appetite and food intake due to disease

d.	 Mental issues that may result in forgetting to eat

e.	 High rates of anxiety and depression

f.	 Increased sensitivity to taste and smell

g.	 Decreased ability to absorb certain nutrients

h.	 Difficulty with grocery shopping and cooking

i.	 Chewing and swallowing problems

j.	 Frequent use of dietary supplements

Answer 6

a.
Taking multiple medications
c.
Reduced appetite and food intake due to disease
d.
Mental issues that may result in forgetting to eat
e.
High rates of anxiety and depression
g.
Decreased ability to absorb certain nutrients

h.
Difficulty with grocery shopping and cooking
i.
Chewing and swallowing problems

Question 7

What is the biggest nutritional challenge among persons with Alzheimer’s disease?

a.	 Person may forget to eat

b.	 High nutrition demands

c.	 Obesity due to significantly lowered BMR

d.	 Lack of taste and smell

Answer 7

a.
Person may forget to eat

Question 8

What are the two main signs of malnutrition in an elderly person?

a.	 unintended weight loss and loss of oral intakes

b.	 decreased height and chronic joint pain

c.	 frequent snacking and consumption of energy-dense beverages

d.	 wrinkled skin and dark circles under the eyes

Answer 8

a.
unintended weight loss and loss of oral intakes

Question 9

Which of the following can help with symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?

a.	 Supplementation with vitamin A

b.	 Mediterranean-pattern diet

c.	 Red meat at least 3 times per week

d.	 Several servings of dairy products daily

Answer 9

b.
Mediterranean-pattern diet

Question 10

An older person with dental problems who has difficulty eating meat can meet protein needs by consuming:

a.	 Soft, well-cooked vegetables

b.	 Almond or coconut milk

c.	 Canned fruits

d.	 Yogurt and cheese

Answer 10

d.
Yogurt and cheese

Question 11

What supplement can help slow vision loss associated with macular degeneration of the eyes in older people?

a.	 vitamin A

b.	 protein

c.	 vitamin C

d.	 vitamin D

Answer 11

vitamin A

Question 12

What are common health disparities of individuals with food insecurity in the United States? Select ALL that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Asthma

b.	 Obesity

c.	 Type 2 Diabetes

d.	 Cancer

e.	 Heart disease

Answer 12

.
Asthma

b.	 Obesity

c.	 Type 2 Diabetes

e.
Heart disease

Question 13

Which of the following is provided by the WIC program?

a.	 meat

b.	 money

c.	 Nutrition education

d.	 Ready-made foods hot at purchase

Answer 13

nutrition education

Question 14

Which of the following persons would qualify for WIC participation?

a.	 Elderly person

b.	 2 year old child

c.	 Woman trying to get pregnant

d.	 Homeless 30 year old man

Answer 14

2 yr old child

Question 15

Food insecurity is associated with which outcome?

a.	 good health

b.	 academic achievement

c.	 poor cognitive functioning

d.	 proper nutrition

Answer 15

c.
poor cognitive functioning

Question 16

Participation in SNAP is solely dependent on:

a.	 pregnancy

b.	 Income

c.	 age

d.	 Enrollment on Medicaid

Answer 16

income

Question 17

Which action can help us eat more sustainable diets?

a.	 Increase meat consumption.

b.	 Avoid wasting food.

c.	 Buy all of our food at stores or restaurants.

d.	 Consume excess food.

Answer 17

avoid wasting food

Question 18

Which diets are typically more sustainable and the healthiest?

a.	 low-carbohydrate diets

b.	 high-protein diets

c.	 the current U.S. diet

d.	 plant-based diets

Answer 18

d.
plant-based diets

Question 19

To receive a free meal at school, a child must:

a.	 Have a low household income

b.	 Have a learning disability

c.	 Be homeless

d.	 Have at least one chronic medical condition

Answer 19

a.
Have a low household income

Question 20

Which of the following persons can receive meals through Meals on Wheels?

a.	 25 year old disabled woman

b.	 39 year old pregnant woman who lives in poverty

c.	 80 year old healthy man that is active

d.	 62 year old wealthy homebound man in a wheelchair

Answer 20

d.
62 year old wealthy homebound man in a wheelchair