Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition > Module 7 Critical Care > Flashcards

Module 7 Critical Care Flashcards

1
Q

How does the inflammatory response to metabolic stressors affect the body?

Select ALL that apply

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Increased blood flow away from the injury

b.	 Tissue swelling

c.	 Dilated blood vessels at the point of injury

d.	 d. Increased albumin
A

b.
Tissue swelling

c.	 Dilated blood vessels at the point of injury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the hormonal response to metabolic stress?

a.	 protein breakdown

b.	 sodium excretion

c.	 increased urinary output

d.	 decreased energy metabolism
A

a.
protein breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is likely to occur because of GI motility in acute stressors?

a.	 it causes them to be immobile

b.	 it interferes with receiving adequate nutrition

c.	 it leads to high blood pressure

d.	 it causes fluid overload
A

a.
it causes them to be immobile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Albumin losses can lead to: (select all that apply)

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Improved healing after injury

b.	 Low blood pressure

c.	 Muscle loss

d.	 Weight gain

e.	 Edema

f.	 Shorter hospital stays
A

Low blood pressure

Muscle loss

edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Overfeeding a metabolically stressed person can cause:

a.	 Hyperglycemia

b.	 Rapid weight gain

c.	 Decreased albumin synthesis

d.	 Decreased Co2 production
A

a.
Hyperglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What will be increased in nutrition therapy for acute metabolic stress?

Select ALL that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Calories

b.	 Protein

c.	 Fluid

d.	 Sodium

e.	 Zinc

f.	 Vitamin C
A

Calories

Protein

Zinc

Vitamin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hypermetabolism will usually lead to what problem?

a.	 Weight gain

b.	 Excess protein synthesis

c.	 Edema

d.	 Malnutrition
A

malnutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a dietary change that can help to suppress inflammation?

a.	 increase intake of fish oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids

b.	 increase intake of vegetable oils rich in omega-6 fatty acids

c.	 increase intake of vitamin C

d.	 increase intake of zinc
A

increase intake of fish oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

For critically ill patients, _____ provide the majority of energy.

a.	 carbohydrate and protein

b.	 protein and fat

c.	 fat and carbohydrate

d.	 fiber and fat
A

fat & carbohydrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does the slowed GI system that often accompanies severe stress affect a person?

Select ALL that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Diarrhea

b.	 Poor tolerance of diet or tube feeding

c.	 Lowered immune response.

d.	 Slowed metabolism

e.	 Not tolerating tube feeding
A

Poor tolerance of diet or tube feeding

Lowered immune response.

Not tolerating tube feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the following nutrients are needed for immunity?

a.	 Vitamin A, vitamin C, and zinc

b.	 Thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin

c.	 Folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12

d.	 Potassium, sodium, and magnesium
A

a.
Vitamin A, vitamin C, and zinc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the challenges of nutrition therapy with a metabolically stressed person? Check all that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
Overfeeding

b.	 Underfeeding

c.	 Initiating nutrition care before resistance occurs

d.	 Getting the person to pay for nutrition counseling

e.	 Giving too much fluids

f.	 Giving too little fluids
A

.
Overfeeding

b.	 Underfeeding

c.	 Initiating nutrition care before resistance occurs

e.
Giving too much fluids

f.	 Giving too little fluids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is our goal of nutrition therapy in severe metabolic stress?

a.	 Promote catabolism

b.	 Minimize nutrient loss

c.	 Achieve positive nitrogen balance

d.	 Provide excess calories for weight gain
A

b.
Minimize nutrient loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Needs for which macronutrient significantly increase during metabolic stress?

a.	 Carbohydrate

b.	 Fat

c.	 Protein

d.	 Fiber
A

c.
Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which of the following amino acids can help improve outcomes in severely stressed hospitalized patients?

a.	 tryptophan and valine

b.	 Leucine and isoleucine

c.	 Tyrosine and glycine

d.	 Glutamine and arginine
A

.
Glutamine and arginine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Respiratory disease usually causes:

a.	 Lowered metabolism

b.	 Weight loss

c.	 Diarrhea

d.	 Difficulty swallowing liquids
A

weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Excessive kcalorie intake in COPD patients may:

a.	 alter taste perception.

b.	 increase respiratory distress.

c.	 interfere with drug therapy.

d.	 increase gas formation
A

b.
increase respiratory distress.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which of the following is beneficial to maximize nutrition intake in a person with acute respiratory failure?

a.	 Provide nutrient dense formula

b.	 Parenteral nutrition

c.	 Serve well cooked foods

d.	 Give steroids to stimulate the appetite
A

Provide nutrient dense formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A person with respiratory failure needs more:

a.	 Calories and fat

b.	 Carbohydrate and fat

c.	 Calories and protein

d.	 Carbohydrate and fluids
A

c.
Calories and protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a likely to occur with a patient’s weight as COPD advances?

a.	 weight gain

b.	 weight stays the same

c.	 weight loss

d.	 weight fluctuates up and down
A

c.
weight loss

22
Q

What diet advice would benefit a patient with COPD who complains of abdominal discomfort and shortness of breath?

a.	 small, frequent meals.

b.	 a low-fat diet.

c.	 a high-fiber diet.

d.	 consuming more liquids
A

a.
small, frequent meals

23
Q

Medical nutrition therapy for COPD involves which of the following? Select all that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
promoting a healthy body weight.

b.	 preventing muscle loss.

c.	 improving food intake.

d.	 decreasing medication usage.

e.	 Higher calorie intake

f.	 Tube feeding
A

.
promoting a healthy body weight.

b.	 preventing muscle loss.

c.	 improving food intake

Higher calorie intake

24
Q

What is the leading risk factor for COPD?

a.	 obesity

b.	 malnutrition

c.	 exercise

d.	 smoking
A

d.
smoking

25
Q

Which nutrients are beneficial for a patient with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

a.	 Zinc

b.	 Fiber

c.	 Vitamin D

d.	 Omega-3'
A

d.
Omega-3’s

26
Q

What is the primary characteristic of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?

a.	 sudden, life-threatening inflammation of the lungs that impairs gas exchange

b.	 chronic bronchitis making it difficult to breath

c.	 serious respiratory infections that keep occurring

d.	 incurable emphysema brought on by years of smoking
A

.
sudden, life-threatening inflammation of the lungs that impairs gas exchange

27
Q

Why is enteral considered a better choice over parenteral nutrition?

Select ALL that apply.

[mark all correct answers]
a.
enteral is more cost effective

b.	 parenteral has more serious complications

c.	 enteral is better accepted by clients

d.	 parenteral cannot be use for short term

e.	 enteral maintains gut health
A

a.
enteral is more cost effective

b.	 parenteral has more serious complications

e.
enteral maintains gut health

28
Q

What determines the decision of choosing enteral nutrition versus parenteral nutrition?

a.	 duration of the feeding

b.	 risk of aspiration

c.	 presence of malnutrition

d.	 whether the gut works
A

d.
whether the gut works

29
Q

What is the primary reason for using alternative nutrition support?

a.	 Not able to consume adequate nutrition orally.

b.	 Severe constipation

c.	 Organ failure

d.	 Edema
A

Not able to consume adequate nutrition orally

30
Q

If a patient’s digestion and absorption are impaired, which formula would be recommended?

a.	 Standard

b.	 Blenderized

c.	 Elemental/hydrolyzed

d.	 High-protein, high-kcalorie
A

c.
Elemental/hydrolyzed

31
Q

A formula that approximates the osmolality of normal blood serum:

a.	 is called hypertonic formula.

b.	 is referred to as an isotonic formula.

c.	 has an osmolality of approximately 500 milliosmoles per liter.

d.	 is usually a hydrolyzed formula.
A

is referred to as an isotonic formula.

32
Q

When choosing a transnasal route for tube feeding, what is the best indicator for choosing between nasogastric and nasointestinal tubes?

a.	 cost

b.	 comfort of the patient

c.	 duration of the feeding

d.	 aspiration risk
A

aspiration risk

33
Q

Which feeding tube placement would require surgical placement?

a.	 Jejunostomy

b.	 Nasojejunal

c.	 Nasoduodenal

d.	 Nasogastric
A

Jejunostomy

34
Q

Which of the following formula delivery methods is usually done with a jejunostomy tube?

a.	 Intermittent feedings

b.	 Continuous feedings

c.	 Bolus feedings

d.	 Intravenous
A

Continuous feedings

35
Q

Bolus tube feedings are preferred over continuous enteral feedings when:

a.	 the client is at risk for nausea or diarrhea.

b.	 the client is critically ill.

c.	 increased mobility is desired.

d.	 the client is at increased risk of aspiration.
A

c.
increased mobility is desired.

36
Q

Which of the following feeding methods requires a pump?

a.	 Intermittent feedings

b.	 Continuous feedings

c.	 Bolus feedings
A

b.
Continuous feedings

37
Q

When is the best time to remove a feeding tube?

a.	 When insurance stops paying for the tube feeding

b.	 When the person can orally consume all of their nutritional needs

c.	 When the person has gained back all of the weight they lost

d.	 When the person can tolerate 2/3 of their nutrition needs from oral diet
A

.
When the person can tolerate 2/3 of their nutrition needs from oral diet

38
Q

What is the best way to prevent a feeding tube from getting clogged?

a.	 Provide a low-fiber formula

b.	 Rinse the tube with water after every feeding

c.	 Keep the head of the bed elevated

d.	 Use a hypertonic formula
A

Keep the head of the bed elevated

39
Q

To determine the volume of parenteral solution to give, it is best to assess:

a.	 Fluid loss

b.	 Persons medical history

c.	 Weight

d.	 Albumin levels
A

fluid loss

40
Q

The largest source of calories in total parenteral solutions should come from:

a.	 Carbohydrate

b.	 Protein

c.	 Fat

d.	 Fiber
A

carbohydrate

41
Q

How are electrolyte levels monitored in those receiving parenteral nutrition support?

a.	 By checking urine output

b.	 By observing blood/lab tests

c.	 By checking for physical signs of dehydration

d.	 By monitoring how much of the parenteral solution the person is tolerating
A

b.
By observing blood/lab tests

42
Q

Which of the following nutrients is given separately instead of being included in parenteral solutions?

a.	 Sodium

b.	 Potassium

c.	 Iron

d.	 Calcium
A

iron

43
Q

Some parenteral solutions may exclude:

a.	 amino acids

b.	 vitamin K

c.	 vitamin C

d.	 potassium
A

b.
vitamin K

44
Q

what is supplied as free amino acids

A

protein source

45
Q

what nutrient sometimes not given in the parenteral nutrition bag

A

Iron

46
Q

what is provided as dextrose

A

carbohydrate source

47
Q

Administration of a 2nd solution using a separate port; often used with

A

Piggyback

48
Q

Does not include a fat source

A

2 - in- 1 Solution

49
Q

Condition that develops when severely malnourished. person is fed to aggressively

A

refeeding syndrome

50
Q

Which complication involves excess fat production due to longterm TPN administration?

a.	 Gallbladder Disease

b.	 Weight loss

c.	 Re-feeding syndrome

d.	 Heart-failure
A

a.
Gallbladder Disease

51
Q

Refeeding syndrome is characterized by:

a.	 hypoglycemia

b.	 excessive weight gain

c.	 fluid and electrolyte imbalances

d.	 clogged feeding tube
A

c.
fluid and electrolyte imbalances

52
Q

What is the most likely reason for a patient receiving TPN to experience hypoglycemia?

a.	 the rate was advanced too quickly

b.	 abruptly stopping the TPN

c.	 the TPN is running at a slow rate

d.	 the TPN is running at a high rate
A

b.
abruptly stopping the TPN

Nutrition (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions