Module 3 case studies Flashcards
An alcoholic patient presents with fatigue, leg paralysis, edema in the legs and nerve damage. What is the most likely vitamin deficiency in this patient?
thiamin
What are two main functions of this nutrient, thiamin? Select two answers.
Normal functioning of nerves and muscles.
Energy metabolism
A parent brings a one-year child into the doctor for a routine check-up. The child appears to have bowed legs. The parent states they drink unfortified almond milk because they are vegans.What is the most likely vitamin deficiency in this child?
vitamin D
Which foods should the person consume to correct the deficiency of thiamin? Select ALL that apply.
pork
enriched white bread
What is the main function of vitamin d that relates to the symptoms of a one-year child with bowed legs. The parent states they drink unfortified almond milk because they are vegans.?
bone health
Which foods should the person consume to correct the deficiency of vitamin d? Select ALL that apply.
eggs
liver
fortified milk
A 7-month-old infant presents with discolored (yellow-orange) skin. The infant has been introduced to several new foods. The diet consists of strained beef, spinach, sweet potato, and diluted apple juice. What vitamin did this baby eat in excess?
beta carotene
Which food in the 7-month-old infant presents with discolored (yellow-orange) skin. The infant has been introduced to several new foods. The diet consists of strained beef, spinach, sweet potato, and diluted apple juice. Which food in the baby’s diet are likely the cause?Select ALL that apply.
spinach
sweet potato
A patient is admitted to the hospital with blood clots despite taking her anti-coagulation medication. During your assessment, you identify she recently started taking a supplement. Which vitamin is likely in her supplement that is causing a problem with her anti-coagulation medication?
vitamin K
A patient is admitted to the hospital with blood clots despite taking her anti-coagulation medication. During your assessment, you identify she recently started taking a supplement. Which foods are high in this vitamin that will be part of your diet instruction?
spinach
brussel sprouts
A patient is admitted to the hospital with blood clots despite taking her anti-coagulation medication. During your assessment, you identify she recently started taking a supplement. The patient is advised to discontinue the supplement. What additional advice should be given about her diet?
Eat consistent amounts of vitamin K in foods
A patient presents with a sore throat, swollen, glossy tongue and cracks at the corners of the mouth. What is the vitamin deficiency?
riboflavin
patient presents with painful “flushed” feeling in his face. Upon interviewing the patient, you discover he recently began taking large amounts of a vitamin supplement suggested by a store clerk that will help his cholesterol levels. What is the vitamin supplement taken in excess?
niacin
patient presents with painful “flushed” feeling in his face. Upon interviewing the patient, you discover he recently began taking large amounts of a vitamin supplement suggested by a store clerk that will help his cholesterol levels. What foods are also high in this nutrient? Select ALL that apply.
chicken
mushrooms
patient presents with painful “flushed” feeling in his face. Upon interviewing the patient, you discover he recently began taking large amounts of a vitamin supplement suggested by a store clerk that will help his cholesterol levels. What healthy benefit does this nutrient have when supplements are consumed in large doses?
lowers cholesterol
A woman tells her doctor that she would like to get pregnant. The doctor suggests she begin taking a supplement even before getting pregnant to prevent complications of the spinal column. Which vitamin does the doctor recommend?
folate
A woman tells her doctor that she would like to get pregnant. The doctor suggests she begin taking a supplement even before getting pregnant to prevent complications of the spinal column.What foods could the woman consume to increase her intakes of this vitamin? Select ALL that apply.
spinach
orange juice
A woman tells her doctor that she would like to get pregnant. The doctor suggests she begin taking a supplement even before getting pregnant to prevent complications of the spinal column. What function of this vitamin makes it so important to infant development and prevention of neural tube defects?
cell division
An older patient diagnosed with atrophic gastritis presents to the ER with unexplained confusion and lethargy associated with anemia. Blood tests reveal macrocytic anemia. What vitamin deficiency is likely causing these problems?
vitamin b12
An older patient diagnosed with atrophic gastritis presents to the ER with unexplained confusion and lethargy associated with anemia. Blood tests reveal macrocytic anemia.How does atrophic gastritis play a role in the deficiency?
It decreases acid and intrinsic factor.
A patient presents to the doctor’s office with a wound that will not heal. An examination shows some little pinpoint hemorrhages under his skin, and swollen, bleeding gums. What vitamin deficiency is most likely causing these problems?
vitamin c
A patient presents to the doctor’s office with a wound that will not heal. An examination shows some little pinpoint hemorrhages under his skin, and swollen, bleeding gums. What foods could the individual consume to correct the deficiency? Select ALL that apply.
orange juice
broccoli
A patient presents to the doctor’s office with a wound that will not heal. An examination shows some little pinpoint hemorrhages under his skin, and swollen, bleeding gums.What are the important roles of vitamin C in the body? Select ALL that apply.
antioxidant
needed to make collagen
increases iron absorption
A patient presents with chronic high blood pressure. The patient consumes primarily processed foods. Which mineral is likely high in this patient’s diet that is putting her at higher risk of HTN?
sodium
A patient presents with chronic high blood pressure. The patient consumes primarily processed foods. Which minerals in low amounts are associated with high blood pressure (HTN)? Select ALL that apply.
magnesium
calcium
potassium
A patient presents with chronic high blood pressure. The patient consumes primarily processed foods. What specific dietary changes would help resolve these nutrient problems?
Choose whole foods instead of ultra processed.
An older patient with osteoporosis is admitted to the hospital with a hip fracture. She reports being lactose intolerant. Which mineral is likely deficient in this patient’s diet that put her at risk of hip fractures?
calcium
An older patient with osteoporosis is admitted to the hospital with a hip fracture. She reports being lactose intolerant. What stage of development is consuming adequate amounts of this mineral most critical to prevent osteoporosis?
Peak bones mass (12-30 years of age).
An older patient with osteoporosis is admitted to the hospital with a hip fracture. She reports being lactose intolerant. What specific dietary changes would improve her risk of bone loss? Select ALL that apply.
Try tofu and sardines with bones.
Choose lactose-free milk.
A client presents with elevated blood glucose. When you ask about her diet, the client states she eats a lot of refined, processed foods. What mineral is likely lacking in her diet?
chromium
A client presents with elevated blood glucose. When you ask about her diet, the client states she eats a lot of refined, processed foods. What is the role of chromium to blood glucose management?
It enhances insulin action.
A young girl presents to the emergency room after passing out at school. Through your assessment, you suspect bulimia nervosa may be the cause of the incident. Which mineral is the biggest concern for the frequent vomiting you suspect?
potassium
A young girl presents to the emergency room after passing out at school. Through your assessment, you suspect bulimia nervosa may be the cause of the incident.
What is the biggest concern for low amounts of potassium?
heart failure
A young girl presents to the emergency room after passing out at school. Through your assessment, you suspect bulimia nervosa may be the cause of the incident. Which foods are high in potassium Select ALL that apply.
raisins
banana
baked potato
At a routine follow-up, a pregnant client mentions she is more tired than usual, craving cornstarch, and chewing ice fequently. Which mineral is likely deficient in this client?
iron
At a routine follow-up, a pregnant client mentions she is more tired than usual, craving cornstarch, and chewing ice fequently. Why is this craving a concern?
the iron deficiency impairs hemoglobin in red blood cells from carrying oxygen to cells
At a routine follow-up, a pregnant client mentions she is more tired than usual, craving cornstarch, and chewing ice frequently. What foods would you recommend that are high in iron? Select ALL that apply.
vegetables
fortified cereals
A mom takes her two children to the dentist. They live on a farm in rural area where city water is not provided. The dental hygienist notices both children have severe dental decay. What mineral is likely lacking in the children’s diets?
Fluoride
A mom takes her two children to the dentist. They live on a farm in rural area where city water is not provided. The dental hygienist notices both children have severe dental decay.What is the role of fluoride in teeth?
Protect teeth from dental caries
A hospitalized patient who is post surgery is not eating well. The patient complains that food does not taste right and he does not have an appetite. His surgical wound is not healing and you suspect a nutrient deficiency may be to blame. What mineral deficiency is most likely causing this patient’s symptoms?
zinc
A hospitalized patient who is post surgery is not eating well. The patient complains that food does not taste right and he does not have an appetite. His surgical wound is not healing and you suspect a nutrient deficiency may be to blame. What foods are a good source of zinc?
oysters
yogurt
shrimp
During a humanitarian trip to several countries in Africa, the doctor notices a swelling in the thyroid gland of a pregnant woman’s neck. What mineral is likely deficient in this mother’s diet
iodine
During a humanitarian trip to several countries in Africa, the doctor notices a swelling in the thyroid gland of a pregnant woman’s neck. What effect will this iodine deficiency have on the child born to her?
Physical and mental delays in development
