module 5 - 14.2 structure and function of the pancreas Flashcards
1
Q
What is an exocrine gland?
A
Production of digestive enzymes for the small intestine, release of the enzymes down a duct
2
Q
What is an endocrine gland?
A
Production of hormones insulin and glucagon, release of these hormones directly into the blood
3
Q
What is the function of an exocrine gland?
A
- produces digestive enzymes (proteases and Iipase) for the duodenum
- produces pancreatic juice
- enzymes and pancreatic juices are secreted into branching pattern of ducts, these drain into the main pancreatic duct which drains into duodenum
4
Q
What is the function of an endocrine sand?
A
- Produces hormones insulin and glucagon
- secretes these hormones directly into bloodstream
5
Q
What is insulin?
A
- Is a protein based hormone
- main anabolic hormone of the body
- regulates metabolism of carbohydrates by promoting absorption of glucose from blood into liver cells and skeletal muscle cells
6
Q
What is glucagon?
A
- Polypeptide based hormone
- works to raise concentration on glucose in blood
- main catabolic hormone in the body
7
Q
What is the pancreatic acini (plural) / pancreatic acinus (single)?
A
- Exocrine tissue
- small berry-like collection of cells that drain into a duct
- usually darker stain
8
Q
Where are achar exocrine glands found?
A
-found in many organs:
The stomach
The sebaceous gland of one scalp
The salivary glands of the tongue
The mammary gland of the pancreas
9
Q
What are the islets of langerhans?
A
- Endocrine tissue
- spherical clusters of calls
- usually lightly stained
- 2 types of cells are most abundant (alpha and beta cells)
10
Q
What are alpha cells?
A
- Produce and secrete glucagon
- Larger and more numerous than beta cells
-often stained pink in differential staining
11
Q
What are beta cells?
A
- Produce and secrete insulin
- smaller and less numerous than alpha cells
-often stained blue in differential staining
