module 4 - 10.1 classification Flashcards
what are the taxonomic ranks (in order)?
life
domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what is taxonomy?
classifying groups/taxa of biological organisms based on a shared characteristic
what is ontogony?
classifying organisms based on physical appearance/what they look like
what is phylogeny?
classifying organisms based on their relatives/evolutionary history
what are nodes?
common ancestors
what are the 3 domains on a phylogenetic tree of life?
bacteria
archaea
eucarya
what is LUCA?
last universal common ancestor
what are the 3 reasons for classifying domains?
- to identify species
- to predict characteristics of new unidentified species so it can be identified when discovered
- discover evolutionary links and common ancestors
what is a species?
a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring
how is a taxon’s name presented?
in italics or underlied when handwritten
how would you write the name of an organism?
capital letter for name of taxa
lower case for name of species
what does extant mean?
not extinct
why do some organisms have the same genus?
all organisms in a taxon have a common ancestor so would have the same genus
when are organisms not considered species?
when closely related species produce offspring but they are not fertile e.g. mule is offspring of male donkey and female horse
why are offspring from closely related species infertile?
they have an odd number of chromosomes
