module 3 - 7.3 measuring the process of breathing Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 2 mechanisms of ventilation?

A
  • inspiration
  • resting expiration
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2
Q

what happens during resting expiration?

A
  • external intercostal relax - ribcage falls down and in
  • diaphragm muscles relax - moves upwards
  • volume of thoracic cavity decreases
  • pressure of thoracic cavity increases
  • air goes out of the lungs
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3
Q

why do we breathe out more H2O than we breathe in?

A

lungs are moist

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4
Q

how does the spirometer work?

A
  • static lower half of tank full of water
  • mobile upper half full of oxygen
  • breathe out into tank - upper half rises
  • tracer mark attached to mobile upper half
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5
Q

what does soda lime in a spirometer test for?

A

CO2

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6
Q

what happens to the trace when inspiring?

A

trace goes down (air out of machine and into lungs)

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7
Q

what happens to the trace when expiring?

A

traces goes up

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8
Q

what does the peak of expiration show?

A

volume of a single breath

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9
Q

why does the overall volume of gas decline over time?

A
  • spirometer contains soda lime which absorbs CO2
  • when breathing, we use oxygen from tank, as we breathe out, CO2 gets absorbed by soda lime
  • gas volume then decreases over time
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10
Q

what do peak flow meters measure?

A
  • rate that air can be expelled from the lungs
  • measures air flow through the bronchi & degree of obstruction in airways
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11
Q

what is a vitalograph?

A
  • a more complex version of peak flow meter
  • produces a graph about amount of air breathed out and how quickly it happens
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12
Q

what is tidal volume?

A

the volume of air that moves into and out of the lungs with each resting breath

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13
Q

what is the vital capacity?

A

the largest volume of air that can be breathes in
- strongest exhale followed by strongest inhale

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14
Q

what is the inspiratory reserve volume?

A

the maximum volume of air you can breathe in ABOVE normal inhalation

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15
Q

what is the expiratory reserve volume?

A

maximum volume of air you can force out of your lungs over the normal tidal volume of air you breathe out

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16
Q

what is the residual volume?

A

volume of air left in your lungs when you have exhaled as hard as possible
- cannot be directly measured

17
Q

what is the total lung capacity?

A

the sum of the vital capacity and residual volume
- total potential volume of air in the lungs at once