Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Module 4: LAST LECTURE!!! > Flashcards

Module 4: LAST LECTURE!!! Flashcards

1
Q

What is the muscle length relationship?

A
  • referring to the length of your sarcomere from z-line to z-line

the amount of overlap between your think and thin filaments will dictate how much force you can generate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the optimal muscle length?

A

maximum amount of force your muscle can generate

  • all of your myosin heads are able to interact with a actin filament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens when we make our sarcomere longer?

A
  • this is where we increase the distance of out z-discs
  • the amount of force our muscle will generate will drop due to the less overlapping of the actin and myosin filaments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or False
Lengthening the muscle will cause a decrease in the amount of force generation

A

True, because we decrease the amount of potential cross-bridges that can form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens when we make our sarcomere shorter?

A
  • decrease the distance form z-line to z-line
  • the amount of force our muscle will generate will drop due to the thin filaments “bumping” into one another altering the structural organization of our sarcomeres
    = decreases the number of available sites that you can from cross-bridges
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or False
Shortening the muscle will cause a decrease in the amount of force generation due to the overlapping thin firmament, limiting the number of active site available for cross-bridges to form

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What stops us from getting to an extreme lengthening or an a extreme shortening of the muscle?

A

our joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In what case/scenario will your H-zone disappear?

A

when your muscles are shortened to the point where your actin filaments are bumping into each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2 kinds of muscle contractions?

A
  1. Isotonic
  2. Isometric
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is muscle tension?

A

the force exerted BY a muscle contraction on an object

  • aka the amount of force a muscle is producing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a muscle load

A

the force exerted ON a muscle by an object

  • aka the object is implementing “x” amount of force on a muscle when we for instance are carrying it
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

True or False
The muscle tension is the tension in the muscle fibres itself?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False
The amount of force that the object is placing on muscle fibres is referred to as the muscle load?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The balance between muscle tension and muscle load will dictate what?

A

the kind of muscle contraction that occurs

  • whether the muscle shortens or lengthens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If the muscle tension is greater than the load what will happen?

A

shortening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If the muscle tension is lesser than the load what will happen?

A

lengthening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an isometric contraction?

A

no change in muscle length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a isotonic contraction

A

where shortening or lengthening occurs in the muscle

  • constant load, tension in the muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Shortening can be referred to as?

A

concentric contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lengthening can be refereed to as?

A

eccentric contraction

21
Q

iso means?

A

same

22
Q

tonic means?

A

tension

23
Q

Metric means?

A

length

24
Q

What is the force velocity relationship?

A

how much force a muscle can produce relative to what velocity that muscle is contracting at

*Referring to the shortening phase of the muscle

25
Q

What would an isometric contraction look like relative to the force velocity relationship graph?

A

where velocity is = 0
- not change on muscle length

26
Q

When can we produce the maximum force?

A

at an isometric contraction

  • where the velocity is 0
27
Q

What is the unloaded shortening velocity? (Vmax)

A

the fastest velocity that your muscles are able to shorten at

28
Q

True or False
We will never experience the unloaded shortening velocity unless in a lab?

A

true

29
Q

What is power?

A

force x velocity

30
Q

What is your peak power of the muscle?

A

maximum amount / highest energetic contraction we can produce

31
Q

When can maximum power be produced?

A

when theres an optimal load and velocity relationship

32
Q

What are the 3 fibre types in humans?

A
  1. Type 1 (I)
    - slow twitch
  2. Type 2A (IIA)
    - fast twitch
  3. Type 2X (IIX)
    - fast twitch
33
Q

True or False
Your myosin ATPase, will dictate whether we have a slow or fast twitch

A

True

34
Q

Fast fatigue refer to?

A

Type 2X

35
Q

Fast fatigue resistance refer to?

A

Type 2A

36
Q

slow fibres refer to?

A

Type 1

37
Q

In what instance can we get changes in our muscle fibre variations?

A

spinal cord injuries, all your slow twitch fibres turn onto fast twitch fibres

38
Q

come back too!!!

What are the 2 OVERALL factors changing the whole-muscle tension in the muscle? and other sub-factors?

A
  1. Change the number of fibres that are contracting
    - # of motor unit recruitment
    - # of muscle fibres per motor unit
    - # of muscle fibres available to contract
    • size of muscle fibres (# of muscle fibres within a muscle)
    • presence of disease
    • extent of recovery from injury
  2. Change the tension developed by each contracting fibre
    - frequency and activation rates
    • twitch summation
      • length of fibre
    • length-tension relationship
      • Extent of fatigue
    • fibre type
    • duration of activity
      • Thickness of fibre
39
Q

What is the number 1 factor that is going to dictate how much force is actually being generated in the muscle?

A

the size of the muscle fibre
- the more myofibrils in the muscle fibres the more cross-bridges can form overall

40
Q

is there more slow twitch or fast twitch motor units overall in our muscles?

A

slow twitch

41
Q

What kind of energy is used for type 1 muscle fibres?

A

Slow oxidative

42
Q

What kind of energy is used for type 2A muscle fibres?

A

fast oxidative glycolytic and some slow oxidative

43
Q

What kind of energy is used for type 2X muscle fibres?

A

fast oxidative glycolytic

44
Q

What are the structural properties of the muscle fibres?

A
  • diameter
  • motor units per muscle
  • SR development
45
Q

What are the diameter, motor units per muscle and SR development of the slow, fast A and fast X twitches?

A

Slow:
diameter = small
motor units per muscle = more, smaller
SR development = poor

Fast A:
diameter = large
motor units per muscle = fewer, larger
SR development = intermediate

Fast X:
diameter = large
motor units per muscle = fewer, larger
SR development = high

46
Q

What are the functional properties of the muscle fibre?

A
  • twitch time
  • relaxation time
  • force production
  • fatiguability
  • sensitivity to recruitment
47
Q

What are the twitch time, relaxation time, force production, fatiguability and sensitivity to the recruitment of the slow, fast A and fast X twitches?

A

Slow:
twitch time = slow
relaxation time = slow
force production = low
fatiguability = fatigue-resistant
sensitivity to recruitment = high

Fast A:
twitch time = fast
relaxation time = intermediate
force production = intermediate
fatiguability = fatigue
sensitivity to recruitment = intermediate

Fast X:
twitch time = fast
relaxation time = fast
force production = high
fatiguability = most fatigable
sensitivity to recruitment = low

48
Q

What are the metabolic properties of the muscle fibre?

A
  • red colour
  • myosin-ATPase activity
49
Q

What are the red colour and the myosin-ATPase activity of the slow, fast A and fast X twitches?

A

Slow:
red colour = dark
myosin-ATPase activity = low

Fast A:
red colour = dark
myosin-ATPase activity = intermediate

Fast X:
rec colour = pale
myosin-ATPase activity = high

Physiology (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions