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Physiology > Module 3 Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Module 3 Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

True of False
The greater the permeability of a plasma membrane is to an ion, that ion will dictate the membrane resting potential

A

True

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2
Q

Are there more potassium leak channels than sodium leak channels?

A

yes there are more potassium leak channels

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3
Q

What does it mean when there are more K+ channels than Na+ channels?

A

that potassium will leave the cell at a higher rate than sodium entering the cell

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4
Q

The resting membrane potential is more dictated by which ion?

A

Potassium

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5
Q

What is the normal resting cell mV in regards to K+ being -90 and Na+ being +65

A

-70mV

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6
Q

What are passive channels?

A

channels that allow molecules to go in and out of the membrane without the use of energy, using an ion/molecules concentration gradient or electrochemical gradient

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7
Q

What is an example of a passive channel?

A

leak channels

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8
Q

What is active transport?

A

ability to pass ions/molecules across the membrane with the use of energy (ATP)

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9
Q

What is an example of active transport?

A

sodium-potassium pump

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10
Q

Passive ion movement are responsible for what percentage of the resting membrane potential?

A

80%

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11
Q

The sodium-potassium pump is responsible for what percentage of the resting membrane potential?

A

20%

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12
Q

Which two types of our cells are our “excitable” cells?

A
  • Neural
  • Muscle
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13
Q

What are the 3 bases of neuron communication?

A
  1. Receive a signal
  2. Initiate a message
  3. Transmit a message
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14
Q

What is polarization?

A

charges are separated across the membrane

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15
Q

What is a depolarization?

A

cell is negative but a little less negative, aka closer to 0, where there are less separated charges

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16
Q

What is repolaritzation?

A

the membrane was depolarized and now it is returning to the resting membrane potential where charges are separated

17
Q

What is hyperpolarlization?

A

going from resting membrane to further negative, separated even more charged

18
Q

True or False
Repolarization will always follow Depolarization?

A

True

19
Q

What is upward deflection?

A

decrease in potential

20
Q

What is downward deflection?

A

increase in potential

21
Q

What are the 2 forms of electrical signals?

A
  1. Graded potentials (short distance)
  2. Action potentials (long distance)
22
Q

True or False
If graded potentials become large enough, they can trigger action potentials?

A

True

23
Q

What is a graded potenital?

A
  • local changes in the membrane potential
  • short distance signals
  • they can have different magnitudes and durations
24
Q

What are gated channels?

A

passive channels that are closed until a trigger opens the channel

  • ions use their electrochemical gradient to flow through the gate
  • causes depolarization
25
Q

What are a couple of types of gated channels?

A
  • mechanically gated channels (by touch for example)
  • chemically gated channels
    (by ion binding for example)
26
Q

What is an active area?

A

area inside the cell where we have a gated channel on the membrane allowing lot’s of Na to come into the cell making that area of the cell depolarized

27
Q

What causes the spread of depolarization?

A

when we have a gated potential occur and have all these Positive Na+ ions in the active area causing an imbalance in the resting cells charge, allowing these sodium ions to spread laterally to the negative charges along the membrane

  • aka spreading the depolarization
28
Q

Why are graded potentials decremental?

A

as the potential (being the depolarization spread) moves across the membrane the potential progressively decreases

29
Q

What are action potentials?

A

the are just changing the potential of the membrane through the flow of ions

30
Q

Are Action potentials decremental?

A

naurrr

31
Q

True of False
The membrane potential reverses after action potentials, meaning the inside of the cell is more positive than the outside

A

true

Physiology (27 decks)

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