Module 3.2 Lecture 1 Flashcards

Autonomic nervous system

1
Q

The nervous system is divided into 2 sections which are what?

A
  1. Central nervous system (CNS)
    - Brain and spinal cord
  2. Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
    - Nerve fibres
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 divisions of our peripheral nervous system?

A
  1. Afferent division from receptors
    - carrying information towards spinal cord
  2. Efferent division to effectors/organs
    - carrying information away from spinal cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The efferent division is divided into 2 nervous systems which are?

A
  1. Somatic nervous system
    - conscious input

ie. motor neurons, controls skeleteal muscles

  1. Autonomic nervous system
    - unconscious input

ie. smooth and cardiac muscle glands
adipose tissue, liver, gastrointestinal tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the typical structure of an Afferent neuron? aka a sensory neuron

A
  • sensory receptor
  • long peripheral axon
  • cell body
  • central axon
  • axon terminals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are interneurons?

A

link between afferent and efferent systems

ie. reflexes, heat from a hot stove will go through our afferent neurons to our interneuron to the efferent neuron causing us to pull away rapidly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What percentage of our neurons are interneurons?

A

99%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The autonomic neuron system is always composed of how many neuron chain?

A

2 neuron chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

We refer to the pre and post neurons in the autominc system with a different name which is?

A

pre and post ganglionic neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the cell body of the pre-ganglionic neuron?

A

in the central nervous system

ie. spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is the cell body of the post-ganglionic neuron?

A
  • peripheral nervous system
  • ganglia, which is like a nodule of nervous tissue which is just a bunch of cell bodies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is the postganglionic neurons axion terminals have a much bigger surface area compared to the regular nerve cell?

A
  • it can release neurotransmitters over a large area, to influence the entire organ rather than one specific organ

ie. when trying to constrict a blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do we call the output zone/axion terminals of the postganglionic nerve cell?

A

Varicosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The autonomic nervous system has 2 subdivisons which are what?

A
  1. The sympathetic nervous system
  2. The parasympathetic nervous system’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is involved in the sympathetic nervous system?

A

thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is involved in the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

the brain and sacral/lower spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In the sympathetic nervous system, what is the structures of the nerves?

A
  • the preganglionic axon fibres will be very short
  • the postganglionic axon fibres will be very long
17
Q

In the PARAsympathetic nervous system, what is the structures of the nerves?

A
  • the preganglionic axon fibres will be very long
  • the postganglionic axon fibres will be very short
18
Q

The output of the nervous system depend on 2 factors which are?

A
  1. what is a neurotransmitter that is being released
  2. what receptor is the neurotransmitter binding to
18
Q

What is the terminal ganglion

A

in the parasympathetic systems
- it is the terminal end of the preganglioic nerve

19
Q

Which neurotransmitter does both the PSNS and SNS use the most?

A

acetylcholine (ACh)

20
Q

True of False
All of you pre ganglionic neurons use ACh to synapse with the post ganglionic fibre

21
Q

Which system (either parasympathetic or sympathetic system) use Acetylcholine in both the pre and post ganglionic fibres?

A

parasympathetic

22
Q

The sympathetic system uses which neurotransmitter at the post ganglionic nerve fibres?

A

norepinephrine

23
Q

Which neurotransmitter i released to all your organs in all the process of the fight or flight response?

A

norepinephrine

24
What does cholinergic fibres refer to?
weather or not the nerve fibres release Acetylcholine
25
What does adrenergic fibres refer to?
weather or not the nerve fibres release norepinephrine
26
True or False The parasympathetic system and sympathetic system can be counteractive to each other? Give and example
True parasympathetic system: can lower your heart rate sympathetic system: will increase your heart rate as a result of a stimuli
27
True or False Both systems are always on always working but one can dominate the other?
True
28
Which system is referred to as the fight or flight system?
sympathetic nervous system
29
Which system is referred to as the rest and digest system?
parasympathetic nervous system