Module 21: Pharmacology Flashcards
cras/o
mixture
thec/o
sheath of the brain and spinal cord
lingu/o
tongue
____ genie means pertaining to an adverse condition that results from treatment
iatro
_____ logy is the study of drugs
pharmaco
the ____ dermal patch was applied topically too mc. Jefferson’s skin to help relieve his neck pain
trans
____ means pertaining to drugs given other than through the intestinal tract
parenteral
penicillin and streptomycin are given together to treat bacterial endocarditis because their combination is greater than the sum of the individual effects. this action is
synergistic
mrs. Ruggeri developed pleural effusions from metastatic lung disease. Nitrogen mustard was injected into her pleural cavity to treat the effusions. this route of frug administration is
intracavitary
mrs. sandano took her prescription for tamoxifen to the drugstore to be prepared and dispensed by the
pharmacist
the legal, noncommercial name for a drug is its ______ name
generic
David developed an ___ to morphine, meaning that he needed increasing amounts of it to relieve his pain
tolerance
the nausea, vomiting and alopecia that routinely accompany cancer chemotherapy are considered
side effects
if the combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each, then the drugs are called
additive
drugs can have three different names: the chemical name, the generic name, and the ______ name
brand
the study of the harmful effects of drugs on the body is called
toxicology
a _________ helps licensed pharmacists provide medications and other health care products to patients
pharmacy technician
a ______ is an agent that counteracts an unwanted drug effect
antidote
a ______ is an agent that counteracts an unwanted drug effect
antidote
the orthopaedic specialist prescribed a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is abbreviated _____, to relieve Timothy’s knee pain
NSAID
alges/o
sensitivity to pain
Maria was given Benadryl, an _____ histamine, to relieve the itching caused by allergic reaction to poison ivy
anti
an ______ drug is one that reduces or eliminates sensation
anesthetic
heparin is a natural ______
anticoagulant
in the preparation for his cruise, Steven obtained a prescription for an ______ to prevent nausea and motion sickness
antiemetic
mr. fergamo was given an ______ to help him sleep
hypnotic
an ACE inhibitor is an
cardiovascular drug
an opioid is an
analgesic
warfarin is a
anticoagulant
phenothiazine is a kind of
tranquilizer
progestin is an
endocrine drug
cathartics are a class of drug that relieves
epilepsy
an anticonvulsant is used to treat
epilepsy
an antibiotic is used to treat
infection
digoxin is prescribed to treat
congestive heart failure
which type of drug would treat candidiasis of the vagina?
anti fungal
why would a patient be given Xarelto, a DOAC?
to treat atrial fibrillation
metformin (glucophage) is a biguanide prescribed for what disorder?
type II diabetes mellitus
metformin (glucophage) is a biguanide prescribed for what disorder?
type II diabetes mellitus
aer/o
air
esthes/o
feeling or sensation
cutane/o
skin
a ____ is a frug that relieves pain
analgesic
after a case of tuberculosis was diagnosed in a college dormitory, residents were tested by injection of a purified protein derivative of the tubercle bacilli into the upper layer of the skin, or by the ______ route
intradermal
mrs. needle had a grand Mal seizure. her physician prescribed Dilantin, an _____ convulsant, to prevent further seizures
anti
an ___ is an unexpected drug effect in a particularly sensitive person
idiosyncrasy
the combination of two drugs causing an effect greater than the sum of each drug alone is called
synergism
chemotherapeutic agent A gives 15% tumor kill and chemotherapeutic agent B gives 20%; using the two together gives 35% tumor kill. the combination action is
additive
missy Spencer was given penicillin for tonsillitis. she developed a severe life- threatening allerfive (hypersensitivity) reaction tot the penicillin. her medical file records this reaction as an
anaphylactic reaction
missy’s anaphylactic reaction to penicillin means future use of the drug is dangerous and ill-advised. the severe allergic reaction that prevents future use of the drug for missy is called
a contraindication
mr. garrison’s physicians prescribed beta-blockers to help control his
hypertension
digoxin primarily acts by
slowing the heart rate and helping the heart pump forcefully
lassie is prescribed for mr. garrison to lower his blood pressure. since it reduces blood volume by stimulating the kidney to remove water and salt (excreted in the urine), it is categorized as a
diuretic
after 3 days of treatment with digoxin, mr. garrison complains of nausea and blurred vision. both are known occasional and undesirable responses to the drug. such responses are called
side effects
______ is the calculation of drug concentration (or disposition) in tissues and blood over a period of time
pharmacokinetics
Marco is dependent on narcotic Dilaudid to the degree that cessation causes severe physiologic and emotional reactions; he has an ______ to Dilaudid
addiction
tetracyclines are ______ drugs
antibacterial
an ______ is a substance given to neutralize unwanted effects of drugs
antidote
benzodiazepine is a kind of
sedative-hypnotic
amphetamines are a kind of
stimulant
heparin is a
anticoagulant
insulin is a kind of
anti diabetic
MAOI is a kind of
antidepressant
tranquilizers are used to treat
anxiety
narcotic analgesics are used to treat
severe pain
an antacid may be taken for
epigastric discomfort
the study of sub cellular drug interactions is called
molecular pharmacology
the study of drug effects in the body is called
pharmacodynamics
what would be administer for chronic never pain following a shingles infection?
the anticonvulsant pregabalin (Lyrica)
