Module 2 Flashcards
Study of bones
Osteology
Primary mineral that makes up bones
Hydroxyapatite
Term used for both hands and feet indicating the back of the hand or the top of the foot
Dorsal
Area that can touch another bone
Articular surface
Natural prominence appendage or outgrowth of the bone
Process
Bony projection that usually not as pronounced as a process
Eminence
Rounded articular process
Condyle
Longer thinner sharper structure than an eminence
Spinous process
Large rounded eminence of variable shape often attachment sites for muscles or tendons
Tuberosity
Small articular surfaces on the bone that contact each other without forming a complete joint
Facet
Depressed area of bone that is usually broad and shallow
Fossa
A long pit or furrow running along the side of a bone
Groove
Opening through a bone
Foramen
Large cavities in the cranial bones
Sinuses
Immovable or nearly immovable fibrous joint
Synarthrosis
Slightly mobile fibrous joint
Syndesmosis
Joints found in the skull and looked like a jigsaw puzzle
Sutures
Type of the mobile joint that keeps the teeth in their sockets
Gomphoses
Slightly mobile articulations
Cartilaginous
Slightly less rigid than a true fused bone allowing minor binding and compression but no other motion
Symphysis
Joint that is strong stable bond that connects the 2 bones and allow very little movement an example is the 1st rib and the sternum
Synchondroses
Fully mobile articulations
Sonovial joints
Joint made up of rounded persuasion of the distal bone articulating with the cup like depression of the proximal bone
Ball and socket joint
This joint allows the distal bone to move forward and backward and side to side but does not permit the joint to rotate
Condyloid
Joints that have a range of motion similar to the condyloid joint but their structure is very different
Saddle joint
Very limited range of motion compared with the other joints similar to a door hinge
Hinge joint
Also called rotary joints have a very limited range of motion they can twist
Pivot joint
Also called planar joints are positioned between the flat surface of adjacent bones. Allow bones to move freely against each other on a single plane sliding in any direction as long as their smooth surfaces remain in contact
Gliding joint
How long do bone cells live for
Ten years
This type of bone is solid dense and hard it provides structural strength to the skeleton it makes up about 80% of skeletal weight
Cortical bone
This type of bone is a porous network of thin needle like strands of bone its strange structure is similar to a honeycomb It makes up about 20% of the weight of the skeleton
Trebacular bone
The center of long bones a hollow space
medullary
Tough vascular membrane that surrounds and protects bones
Periosteum
This lines the medullary cavity cavity of the longbones vascular lining contains bone forming cells that can repair trauma
Endosteum
The tubalar structure consisted of lameller bone is called what
Haversian system
The haversian commands are linked at right angles to each other by smaller passageways called what
Volkmanns canals
Cells that create new bones
Osteoblast
Are responsible for regulating bone repair and maintenance
Osteocytes
Large cells with several nuclei that are found concentrated in small pits responsible for the resorption of old bone
Osteoclasts
This occurs immediately following a fracture in the area surrounding the injury
Reactive stage
This begins in the days following the fracture. Forms a callous which is a mass of fracture repairing tissue
Repairative stage
Happens when the body replaces the trabecular bone with compact bone at the repair site. Processes slow and can take 3 to 5 years
Remodeling stage
Measure the volume and density of bone in the skeleton at the end of skeletal maturation. The greatest mass tends to occur around the age of 30
Peak bone mass
Bones are made up of a network of
College protein and minerals
Primary center for osstification in longbones
Diaphysis
