Module 13

Question 1

When evaluating total body composition the composition the body is measured by 4 proportions, what are they

Answer 1

Water, protein, minerals, and fat

Question 2

What are the fat free components of the body

Answer 2

Bone, muscle, other component such as connective and organ tissues, and water

Question 3

Name all the two-compartment methods used to measure body composition

Answer 3

Hydrodensirometry , skinfold thickness measurements, bio-electric impedance measurement, and air displacement plethysmography

Question 4

Name the 3 and 4 compartment methods used to measure body composition

Answer 4

Near-infrared interactance and DXA

Question 5

This value is determined by dividing the weight of the patient in kilograms by their height in squared meters

Answer 5

Body mass index or BMI

Question 6

BMI below this number is considered underweight

Answer 6

18.5

Question 7

BMI between these numbers are considered a normal weight

Answer 7

18.5 and 24.9

Question 8

BMI above this number is considered overweight

Answer 8

25

Question 9

BMI above this number is considered obesity

Answer 9

30

Question 10

This method weighs an individual normally and then weighs them again submerged in water

Answer 10

Hydrodensitometry

Question 11

What formulas are used to calculate hydrodensitometry?

Answer 11

Siri and Brozek

Question 12

This method obtains an estimated percentage of body fat by utilizing a caliper to measure the skin fold thickness of an individual in specific locations

Answer 12

Skin fold thickness

Question 13

What sites are used to obtain skinfold thickness

Answer 13

Abdomen, the triceps, chest, midaxillary line, and thigh. The subscapular and suprailiac sites can be used to

Question 14

What formula is used to obtain skin fold thickness measurements

Answer 14

Jackson and Pollock

Question 15

This method of measurement can have the subject laying on the table with electros hooked up to their arms or legs or have the patient standing without shoes or socks on a metal plate

Answer 15

Bio electric impedance analysis

Question 16

This method of measurement has individuals placed within an oval chamber or the volume of air displacement can be measured exactly

Answer 16

Air displacement plethysmography

Question 17

This method uses an infrared spectroscopy probe to measure body composition

Answer 17

Near infrared interactance

Question 18

What 4 compartments can DXA divide the body When measuring for body composition

Answer 18

Bone, muscle, fat, and skin

Question 19

Which 2 methods are considered the most accurate

Answer 19

DXA and hydrodensitometry

Question 20

What 3 groups of people are body composition scans divided into

Answer 20

HIV patients that are taking antiretroviral agents, bariatric patients expecting weight loss that exceeds 10% of total weight, pts with musculoskeletal weakness

Question 21

Which 2 HIV drugs Show side effects of an increase in lean body mass

Answer 21

Stavudine and Zidovudine

Question 22

What percentage of the American population is overweight

Answer 22

62%

Question 23

What percentage of Americans are obese

Answer 23

26%

Question 24

What is the medical term for loss of muscle mass as well as loss of muscle function

Answer 24

Sarcopenia

Question 25

30% of people over 60 years of age and 50% of people over the age of 80 suffer this

Answer 25

Sarcopenia

Question 26

RSMI

Answer 26

Relative skeletal muscle index

Question 27

How is RSMI calculated

Answer 27

By dividing the appendicular skeletal muscle value by the height in meters, the value is then squared

Question 28

For a diagnosis of sarcopenia the RSMI value for men and women should be below what numbers

Answer 28

Men below 7.26, women below 5.45

Question 29

These diseases all cause weakness and muscle wasting, 5 mentioned

Answer 29

Duchenne, Becker, Emery-Dreifuss, Limb-Griddle, and Myotonic muscular dystrophy

Question 30

The 2015 ISCD official positions recommend total fat mass results should be within what percent for precision testing results

Answer 30

3%

Question 31

The 2015 ISC D official positions recommend for both total lean mass and percent fat mass the result should be within what percent for precision testing results

Answer 31

2%

Question 32

How should the arms be positioned at the patient side for a body composition scan

Answer 32

Palms facing downward

Question 33

What ROI placements are separated with a body composition test

Answer 33

Head, trunk, arms, legs, and total body

Question 34

According to NHANES, what age range are these datas good for

Answer 34

All races age of 8 and 85

Question 35

Males demonstrate a low mean body fat of what percent between age 16 to 19

Answer 35

22.9%

Question 36

Males show a higher mean body fat of what percent between age 60 and 79

Answer 36

30.9%

Question 37

The female body fat range was lowest at what percent at age 8 to 11

Answer 37

32.0%

Question 38

The female body fat range increased to what percentage between age 60 to 79

Answer 38

42.4%

Question 39

What regions is the percent of fat separated into, 6 answers

Answer 39

Android, gynoid, arms, trunk, legs, and total

Question 40

How is percent fat value calculated

Answer 40

Dividing the regional fat in grams by the sum of BMC and tissues in grams, the result is then multiplied by 100

Question 41

This region is located to the mid section

Answer 41

Android

Question 42

This region is located around the hips and thighs

Answer 42

Gynoid

Question 43

What are the 2 fat types

Answer 43

Subcutaneous fats and visceral fats

Question 44

These fats are found just underneath the skin

Answer 44

Subcutaneous

Question 45

These fats are deeper in the body and surround the internal organs

Answer 45

Visceral

Question 46

For optimal health men should not drop below what percent of body fat

Answer 46

5%

Question 47

For optimal health women should not drop below what percent of body fat

Answer 47

12%

Question 48

This analysis can be obtained by adding the lean mass and bone mineral content in kilograms, then dividing them by height and inches squared

Answer 48

Lean mass index

Question 49

This is the amount of lean mass in the arms and legs not including bone

Answer 49

Appendicular Lean Mass or ALM

Question 50

This is also known as resting energy expenditure, it is the estimated calorie requirement for the body to maintain a functional level of energy while performing minimal task for a day

Answer 50

Resting metabolic rate or RMR

Question 51

All reports should be calculated based on the total body including the head and provide what 7 measurements

Answer 51

BMI, BMD, BMC, total mass, total lean mass, total fat mass, and percent fat mass

Question 52

What body composition test uses Archimedes principle to obtain results

Answer 52

Underwater weighing

Question 53

When using the Siri or Brozek formulas, a decrease in BMD can result in

Answer 53

Over estimation of body fat percent

Question 54

The difference in mean body fat between men and women increase to 12% between the ages of

Answer 54

16 to 19