Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BD Study Guide > Module 12 > Flashcards

Module 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage does genetic factors, gender, and ethnicity account for bone mass variation

A

75%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What percentage do environmental factors account for bone mass variations

A

25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are 3 foods that have vitamin D in them

A

Egg yolks, salt water fish, and liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Walking, climbing stairs, playing sports, performing household chores, and weight training are examples of what type of exercise

A

Weight bearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When did the 1st bone density scanners appear on the market

A

1970s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

BMD is based on a 2 dimensional area not a 3 dimensional volume which makes DXA a ________ technique

A

Projectional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This is calculated by dividing the sum of the data values by the number of data values

A

Mean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

This is a measure of variability that indicates the spread of the data values around the mean

A

Standard deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

This allows comparison between datasets, whether or not they have the same mean

A

Percent coefficient of variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you calculate the percent coefficient of variation

A

The standard deviation is divided by the mean and the resulting value is multiplied by 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

This is the 1st step of bone growth in which osteoclasts break down and remove old bone from the inner surface of the bone

A

Resorption (destructive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The 2nd part of bone growth in which osteoblasts create new bone tissue on the outer surface of the bone

A

Formation (constructive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When resorption is balanced with equal formation

A

Bone mass is stable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How often does the human body build a new skeletal system

A

7 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the key anatomy for DXA scans of the forearm

A

Radius, ulna, and carpal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Large pointed process at the proximal end of the ulna

A

Olecranon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This is a large concave depression on ulna which articulates with the humerus

A

Trochlear notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Below the trochlear notch on ulna, second pointed feature. Triangler in shape

A

Coronoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

This is found on the distant end of the ulna and is a rounded process

A

Ulnar head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A narrow projection on the ulnar head

A

Ulnar styloid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This is a rough process just inferior to the radial neck on the medial side of the bone

A

Radial tuberosity

22
Q

This is a conical projection on the distal end lateral surfaceofradius

A

Radial styloid process

23
Q

These are landmarks for the for the forearm scan

A

Ulnar styloid process and radial end plate

24
Q

This must be visible on the forearm scan for accurate analysis

A

Joint between the radius in the carpal bones

25
Q

In the proximal row from lateral to medial list the carpal bones

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform

26
Q

In the distal row from left to right list the carpel bones

A

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate

27
Q

Largest bone in the proximal row of carpal bones

A

Scaphoid

28
Q

Easy to identify because of its Crescent shape

A

Lunate

29
Q

This bone articulates anterior with the hamate and is roughly pyramidal in shape

A

Triquetral

30
Q

Small pea shape bone

A

Pisiform

31
Q

This bone has a prominent hook shaped feature on the anterior surface

A

Hamate

32
Q

Most commonly fractured carpal bone

A

Scaphoid

33
Q

The carpal bones have what type of joints

A

Synovial gliding

34
Q

The ulna is used for this forearm measurement

A

33% or 1/3 site

35
Q

These are considered mid radial sites

A

33% and 50%

36
Q

This site is considered a distal site

A

10%

37
Q

This site is located either 4 or 5% of the ulna length

A

Ultradistal site

38
Q

Where is the preferred region of interest for a forearm DXA

A

33%

39
Q

What type of bone is the 33% region mainly comprised of

A

Cortical

40
Q

This site is known for low bone mineral density

A

Ultradistal

41
Q

Common site for Colles fracture

A

Ultradistal

42
Q

Which is the only site used for diagnosis

A

33%

43
Q

This type of bone is metabolic active found mainly in the spine

A

Trabecular

44
Q

Where can hyperparathyroidism be mainly detected

A

Distal forearm

45
Q

What percentage of BMC can be higher than on the non dominant side

A

6 to 9%

46
Q

What degree of flexion should the elbow have for scan

A

90 to 105 degree

47
Q

Bony external landmark of the forearm anatomy

A

Ulnar styloid process

48
Q

How many forearm scan sites should be measured for an accurate diagnosis

A

2

49
Q

What is a common patient related challenge in forearm scanning

A

Kyphosis

50
Q

What patient condition can result in poor bone edge detection

A

Low bone mineral density

BD Study Guide (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions